Đề thi thử VSTEP Listening số 18
Thời gian: 40 phút | Tổng số câu: 35 câu trắc nghiệm
Hướng dẫn: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu hỏi. Bạn chỉ được nghe MỘT lần.
PART 1 — Short Announcements (Câu 1–8)
Nghe 8 đoạn thông báo ngắn. Mỗi đoạn có 1 câu hỏi.
Câu 1. What event is being organized?
A. A free public workshop on installing solar panels at home
B. A protest against renewable energy
C. A sale of gasoline-powered generators
D. A car race
Câu 2. What change is being announced for customers?
A. A new time-of-use pricing structure that rewards energy use during sunny and windy hours
B. An increase in all electricity rates
C. Mandatory disconnection of solar panels
D. Free coal for all customers
Câu 3. What is the new wind farm's capacity?
A. Enough to power 5,000 homes
B. Sufficient to generate 200 megawatts of clean energy for 80,000 homes annually
C. Just one megawatt
D. A backup power source only
Câu 4. What is the company announcing?
A. A new gasoline-powered car
B. A new affordable electric vehicle with 400 km range priced under $30,000
C. A recall of all vehicles
D. A merger with an oil company
Câu 5. What new policy is being implemented?
A. Banning all electric vehicles
B. Requiring all new municipal buildings to be net-zero energy by 2030
C. Subsidizing gasoline cars
D. Closing public transportation
Câu 6. What opportunity is being offered?
A. Free flights for members
B. A volunteer program to install solar panels on low-income homes
C. A discount on meat products
D. A new fossil fuel project
Câu 7. What new academic program is being introduced?
A. A degree in coal mining
B. A master's program in renewable energy systems engineering
C. A certificate in typewriter repair
D. A new history course
Câu 8. What is the factory producing?
A. Disposable batteries
B. Next-generation solid-state batteries for electric vehicles with faster charging and longer lifespan
C. Plastic toys
D. Gasoline additives
PART 2 — Conversations (Câu 9–20)
Nghe 3 đoạn hội thoại. Mỗi đoạn có 4 câu hỏi.
Câu 9. What is the main challenge of the solar project they are working on?
A. Lack of sunlight
B. Balancing supply and demand since solar power is intermittent
C. Too much funding
D. Excessive government support
Câu 10. What solution does the woman suggest?
A. Building more coal plants
B. Pairing solar with battery storage and integrating smart grid technology
C. Abandoning the project
D. Selling the panels abroad
Câu 11. How does the man respond to the cost concerns?
A. He agrees it is too expensive
B. He notes that battery costs have dropped 90 percent in the past decade, making storage increasingly affordable
C. He suggests using less energy
D. He proposes fossil fuel backup only
Câu 12. What is the next step in their project?
A. Cancel everything
B. Present the integrated storage plan to the utility company for approval
C. Start a new unrelated project
D. Take a long vacation
Câu 13. What does the homeowner want to know?
A. How to sell their house
B. Whether solar panels are worth the investment for their home
C. How to buy a car
D. Where to plant flowers
Câu 14. What does the expert say about the upfront cost?
A. It is unaffordable for everyone
B. While there is an upfront cost, government incentives can cover 30 percent, and energy savings typically pay back the system in 5 to 8 years
C. Solar panels are free
D. The cost never gets recouped
Câu 15. What does the expert say about home value?
A. Solar decreases home value
B. Homes with solar panels typically sell for 4 percent more than comparable homes without
C. Solar has no effect on home value
D. Solar panels are banned in most neighborhoods
Câu 16. What does the homeowner decide?
A. To never consider solar
B. To schedule a site assessment to determine the best system for their roof
C. To move to a different country
D. To buy more appliances
Câu 17. What is the main topic of their discussion?
A. Building more highways
B. Modernizing the electrical grid to handle distributed renewable energy sources
C. Closing power plants
D. Replacing all electricity with gasoline
Câu 18. What challenge do they face?
A. Excess traditional infrastructure
B. The current grid was designed for centralized power plants and struggles with bidirectional flows from many small producers
C. Too much regulation
D. Lack of public interest
Câu 19. What does the woman suggest is needed?
A. Returning to the old grid
B. Massive investment in smart meters, sensors, and AI-driven grid management
C. Building more coal plants
D. Reducing electricity use by 90 percent
Câu 20. What is the timeline they discuss?
A. It should happen overnight
B. A 10-year phased rollout beginning with pilot projects in three cities
C. It is impossible
D. It will take 100 years
PART 3 — Lectures (Câu 21–35)
Nghe 3 bài giảng. Mỗi bài có 5 câu hỏi.
Câu 21. How much energy from the sun reaches the Earth in one hour, according to the speaker?
A. Enough to power a small city
B. More energy than all of humanity uses in a year
C. The same as a typical nuclear plant
D. Negligible amounts
Câu 22. What is the main advantage of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology, according to the speaker?
A. It works only at night
B. It converts sunlight directly into electricity with no moving parts and minimal maintenance
C. It requires constant fuel
D. It is very loud
Câu 23. How much did the cost of solar PV drop between 2010 and 2020, according to the speaker?
A. It doubled
B. About 90 percent
C. It stayed the same
D. It increased slightly
Câu 24. What is one limitation of solar power?
A. It is too expensive
B. It is intermittent and depends on weather and time of day
C. It requires rare earth metals only
D. It can only be used in deserts
Câu 25. According to the speaker, what is one promising development?
A. Solar paint for any surface
B. Perovskite solar cells, which can be made flexible and cheap, and tandem cells that combine different materials to capture more of the spectrum
C. Returning to coal
D. Bigger solar panels only
Câu 26. How fast has wind power capacity grown globally over the past two decades, according to the speaker?
A. It has declined
B. It has grown about 15-fold, making wind one of the fastest-growing energy sources
C. It has stayed constant
D. It has grown slightly
Câu 27. What is the largest current wind turbine capacity, according to the speaker?
A. About 1 megawatt
B. Around 15 to 16 megawatts per turbine, with prototypes reaching even higher
C. Exactly 100 megawatts
D. A few kilowatts
Câu 28. Where can wind power be generated, according to the speaker?
A. Only in deserts
B. Onshore (on land) and offshore (in the ocean), with offshore offering stronger and more consistent winds
C. Only in the ocean
D. Only on mountains
Câu 29. What is one challenge of offshore wind, according to the speaker?
A. Insufficient wind
B. Higher installation and maintenance costs due to the marine environment
C. Banning of offshore wind
D. Lack of public support
Câu 30. How do wind turbines affect wildlife, according to the speaker?
A. They have no effect
B. They can pose risks to birds and bats, though careful site selection and modern designs are reducing these impacts
C. They increase wildlife populations dramatically
D. They are banned to protect wildlife
Câu 31. Why is hydrogen being considered as a clean fuel, according to the speaker?
A. It is a fossil fuel
B. When burned or used in a fuel cell, it produces only water as a byproduct, with no carbon emissions
C. It is highly polluting
D. It is dangerous to handle
Câu 32. What is the catch with most hydrogen production today, according to the speaker?
A. It is too cheap
B. About 95 percent of hydrogen is made from natural gas in a process that releases CO2, producing so-called "grey hydrogen"
C. Hydrogen is not abundant
D. It cannot be stored
Câu 33. What is "green hydrogen"?
A. Hydrogen from seawater
B. Hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water using electricity from renewable sources, resulting in no carbon emissions
C. Hydrogen from coal
D. A type of natural gas
Câu 34. What is one promising application of green hydrogen, according to the speaker?
A. Burning wood
B. Decarbonizing hard-to-electrify sectors like steel, cement, and heavy shipping
C. Replacing solar power
D. Cooling buildings
Câu 35. What is the main barrier to widespread green hydrogen adoption, according to the speaker?
A. It is banned
B. Current production costs are significantly higher than fossil fuel alternatives, though costs are falling
C. It is too efficient
D. It is illegal to transport