Synonyms Antonyms — 100 cặp từ đồng nghĩa trái nghĩa VSTEP

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B1-B2

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100 cặp từ đồng nghĩa và trái nghĩa thường gặp trong VSTEP

Trong đề thi VSTEP, câu hỏi về từ đồng nghĩa (synonym) và trái nghĩa (antonym) chiếm tỷ lệ đáng kể ở phần Reading và Use of English. Bảng dưới đây tổng hợp 100 cặp từ được sắp xếp theo chủ đề để dễ ghi nhớ.

Nhóm 1: Tính từ mô tả tính chất (1-25)

#	Từ	Đồng nghĩa (Synonym)	Trái nghĩa (Antonym)
1	happy	glad, pleased, delighted	sad, unhappy, miserable
2	big	large, huge, enormous	small, tiny, little
3	fast	quick, rapid, swift	slow, sluggish
4	beautiful	pretty, gorgeous, stunning	ugly, unattractive
5	rich	wealthy, affluent, prosperous	poor, impoverished
6	smart	intelligent, clever, bright	stupid, foolish, dull
7	brave	courageous, fearless, bold	cowardly, timid
8	difficult	hard, tough, challenging	easy, simple, effortless
9	important	significant, crucial, vital	unimportant, trivial, minor
10	ancient	old, antique, aged	modern, new, contemporary
11	calm	peaceful, serene, tranquil	anxious, nervous, agitated
12	polite	courteous, well-mannered	rude, impolite, discourteous
13	generous	kind, charitable, giving	selfish, stingy, greedy
14	honest	truthful, sincere, frank	dishonest, deceitful, lying
15	famous	well-known, renowned, celebrated	unknown, obscure, anonymous
16	strong	powerful, mighty, robust	weak, feeble, fragile
17	safe	secure, protected	dangerous, risky, hazardous
18	clean	tidy, spotless, neat	dirty, messy, filthy
19	narrow	thin, slim, slender	wide, broad, spacious
20	deep	profound	shallow, superficial
21	expensive	costly, pricey, overpriced	cheap, affordable, inexpensive
22	certain	sure, definite, confident	uncertain, doubtful, unsure
23	common	usual, frequent, ordinary	rare, unusual, uncommon
24	flexible	adaptable, adjustable	rigid, inflexible, stiff
25	permanent	lasting, enduring, eternal	temporary, short-term

Nhóm 2: Động từ hành động (26-50)

#	Từ	Đồng nghĩa (Synonym)	Trái nghĩa (Antonym)
26	begin	start, commence, initiate	end, finish, conclude
27	increase	rise, grow, expand	decrease, decline, reduce
28	create	make, produce, generate	destroy, demolish, ruin
29	allow	permit, let, authorize	forbid, prohibit, ban
30	agree	consent, approve, accept	disagree, refuse, reject
31	arrive	reach, come, get to	depart, leave, go
32	buy	purchase, acquire, obtain	sell, trade, dispose of
33	ask	inquire, question, request	answer, reply, respond
34	build	construct, erect, establish	destroy, demolish, tear down
35	help	assist, support, aid	hinder, obstruct, prevent
36	protect	defend, guard, shield	attack, harm, endanger
37	improve	enhance, upgrade, better	worsen, deteriorate, decline
38	succeed	achieve, accomplish, prosper	fail, lose, fall short
39	encourage	motivate, inspire, support	discourage, dishearten
40	remember	recall, recollect, retain	forget, overlook, neglect
41	include	contain, comprise, incorporate	exclude, omit, leave out
42	praise	compliment, commend, admire	criticize, blame, condemn
43	accept	receive, take, embrace	reject, decline, refuse
44	reveal	disclose, expose, show	hide, conceal, cover
45	combine	merge, unite, blend	separate, divide, split
46	attract	draw, lure, appeal to	repel, deter, push away
47	satisfy	please, fulfill, content	disappoint, dissatisfy, frustrate
48	postpone	delay, defer, put off	advance, bring forward
49	suggest	propose, recommend, advise	demand, insist, order
50	appear	emerge, show up, surface	disappear, vanish, fade

Nhóm 3: Danh từ và cụm từ (51-75)

#	Từ	Đồng nghĩa (Synonym)	Trái nghĩa (Antonym)
51	advantage	benefit, merit, strength	disadvantage, drawback, weakness
52	problem	issue, difficulty, obstacle	solution, answer, remedy
53	opinion	view, viewpoint, perspective	fact, truth, reality
54	freedom	liberty, independence	captivity, imprisonment, slavery
55	knowledge	understanding, awareness, expertise	ignorance, unawareness
56	success	achievement, triumph, victory	failure, defeat, loss
57	beginning	start, opening, commencement	end, ending, conclusion
58	progress	advancement, development, growth	decline, regression, setback
59	opportunity	chance, possibility, opening	obstacle, barrier
60	shortage	lack, deficiency, scarcity	abundance, surplus, plenty
61	majority	most, bulk, greater part	minority, few, handful
62	similarity	resemblance, likeness	difference, contrast, distinction
63	poverty	hardship, destitution	wealth, prosperity, affluence
64	cause	reason, source, origin	effect, result, consequence
65	demand	need, requirement, request	supply, provision
66	praise	compliment, approval, acclaim	criticism, blame, condemnation
67	reward	prize, bonus, compensation	punishment, penalty, fine
68	native	local, indigenous, domestic	foreign, alien, immigrant
69	urban	city, metropolitan	rural, countryside, suburban
70	public	communal, shared, open	private, personal, individual
71	voluntary	optional, willing, unpaid	compulsory, mandatory, obligatory
72	domestic	national, internal, home	international, foreign, overseas
73	artificial	man-made, synthetic, fake	natural, genuine, real
74	maximum	greatest, highest, top	minimum, lowest, least
75	benefit	advantage, gain, profit	loss, damage, harm

Nhóm 4: Tính từ nâng cao B2 (76-100)

#	Từ	Đồng nghĩa (Synonym)	Trái nghĩa (Antonym)
76	sufficient	enough, adequate, ample	insufficient, inadequate, lacking
77	essential	necessary, vital, crucial	unnecessary, optional, dispensable
78	relevant	related, applicable, pertinent	irrelevant, unrelated
79	obvious	clear, evident, apparent	unclear, vague, ambiguous
80	accurate	correct, precise, exact	inaccurate, wrong, imprecise
81	beneficial	helpful, useful, favorable	harmful, detrimental, damaging
82	significant	important, notable, major	insignificant, negligible, minor
83	available	accessible, obtainable, at hand	unavailable, inaccessible
84	effective	efficient, productive, successful	ineffective, useless, futile
85	appropriate	suitable, proper, fitting	inappropriate, unsuitable, improper
86	reliable	dependable, trustworthy	unreliable, untrustworthy
87	diverse	varied, assorted, mixed	uniform, homogeneous, similar
88	sustainable	long-lasting, viable, enduring	unsustainable, short-lived
89	considerable	substantial, significant, sizable	negligible, trivial, slight
90	comprehensive	thorough, complete, extensive	incomplete, partial, limited
91	ambitious	determined, driven, aspiring	unambitious, lazy, complacent
92	vulnerable	exposed, susceptible, at risk	protected, safe, immune
93	prominent	notable, distinguished, eminent	obscure, unknown, insignificant
94	inevitable	unavoidable, certain, inescapable	avoidable, preventable, uncertain
95	fundamental	basic, essential, primary	secondary, minor, peripheral
96	potential	possible, likely, probable	actual, existing, real
97	authentic	genuine, real, original	fake, counterfeit, artificial
98	moderate	reasonable, average, fair	extreme, excessive, radical
99	productive	efficient, fruitful, prolific	unproductive, idle, wasteful
100	optimistic	hopeful, positive, confident	pessimistic, negative, gloomy

Mẹo học từ đồng nghĩa - trái nghĩa hiệu quả

Học theo nhóm 3: mỗi từ ghi nhớ 1 synonym + 1 antonym (ví dụ: happy = glad ↔ sad).
Dùng tiền tố phủ định: nhiều antonym được tạo bằng un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis- (happy → unhappy, possible → impossible).
Đặt câu ví dụ: viết 1 câu dùng từ gốc, rồi viết lại bằng synonym để kiểm tra nghĩa có tương đương.
Flashcard: mặt trước ghi từ, mặt sau ghi 2 synonyms + 1 antonym. Ôn mỗi ngày 10 từ.