Task 1 — Thư xin lỗi (Apology Letter)
Thư xin lỗi yêu cầu bạn viết thư xin lỗi vì đã làm sai điều gì đó, không thể tham dự sự kiện, hoặc gây ra bất tiện cho người khác. Giọng văn cần chân thành và nhận trách nhiệm.
1. Cấu trúc thư xin lỗi
| Phần | Nội dung | Số câu |
|---|---|---|
| Mở thư | Nêu lời xin lỗi + lý do viết thư | 1-2 câu |
| Thân bài 1 | Giải thích nguyên nhân / hoàn cảnh | 2-3 câu |
| Thân bài 2 | Đề xuất giải pháp / cách khắc phục | 2-3 câu |
| Kết thư | Nhắc lại lời xin lỗi + cam kết không tái phạm | 1-2 câu |
2. Useful Phrases — Thư xin lỗi
Mở thư:
- I am writing to sincerely apologize for…
- I would like to express my deepest apologies for…
Giải thích nguyên nhân:
- Unfortunately, due to…, I was unable to…
- The reason for this was that… / This was caused by…
- I understand that this must have caused you great inconvenience.
Đề xuất giải pháp:
- To make up for this, I would like to…
- I would be happy to… as compensation.
- Please allow me to… / I will make sure that this does not happen again.
Kết thư:
- Once again, I am truly sorry for the inconvenience caused.
- I hope you can understand and accept my apology.
3. Đề mẫu
You were unable to attend an important meeting at work yesterday. Write a letter to your manager to apologize. In your letter:
- apologize for missing the meeting
- explain the reason for your absence
- suggest how you can make up for it
Write at least 120 words.
4. Bài viết mẫu (~150 từ)
Dear Mr. Thanh,
I am writing to sincerely apologize for being unable to attend the departmental meeting yesterday afternoon. I understand that the meeting was important, and I deeply regret my absence.
Unfortunately, on my way to the office, I was involved in a minor traffic accident. Although I was not seriously injured, I had to go to the hospital for a medical check-up, which took the entire afternoon. I tried to contact you by phone, but I was unable to reach you at that time.
To make up for missing the meeting, I have already asked my colleague, Ms. Hoa, to share the meeting minutes with me. I have reviewed all the documents and I am fully updated on the decisions that were made. If necessary, I would be happy to discuss any action items assigned to me at your convenience.
Once again, I am truly sorry for any inconvenience caused. I will ensure that this does not happen again.
Yours sincerely,
Le Van D
5. Phân tích bài mẫu
| Tiêu chí | Nhận xét |
|---|---|
| Task Achievement | Đủ 3 ý: xin lỗi, giải thích lý do (tai nạn giao thông), đề xuất khắc phục |
| Coherence | Mạch lạc tốt: "Unfortunately", "Although", "To make up for", "If necessary" |
| Vocabulary | Phù hợp: deeply regret, medical check-up, meeting minutes, action items |
| Grammar | Bị động (were made, assigned to me), câu nhượng bộ (Although I was not seriously injured) |