Câu hỏi đuôi (Tag questions) là gì?
Câu hỏi đuôi là câu hỏi ngắn thêm vào cuối câu trần thuật để xác nhận thông tin hoặc mời đồng ý. Dạng này xuất hiện thường xuyên trong đề VSTEP phần Use of Language.
1. Quy tắc cơ bản
| Câu chính | Câu hỏi đuôi | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Khẳng định | Phủ định | You are a student, aren't you? |
| Phủ định | Khẳng định | She doesn't like coffee, does she? |
Công thức: Câu chính + trợ động từ (ngược lại) + đại từ chủ ngữ?
Cách xác định trợ động từ
| Câu chính có | Tag dùng | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| am / is / are | am / is / are (+ not) | He is tall, isn't he? |
| was / were | was / were | They were late, weren't they? |
| have / has / had | have / has / had | She has left, hasn't she? |
| will / would / can / could / should / must | cùng modal | You can swim, can't you? |
| Không có trợ động từ (thì HTĐ/QKĐ) | do / does / did | They play tennis, don't they? |
2. Trường hợp đặc biệt
| Trường hợp | Quy tắc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| I am... | Tag dùng aren't I (KHÔNG dùng amn't I) | I am right, aren't I? |
| Let's... | Tag dùng shall we | Let's go, shall we? |
| Câu mệnh lệnh (Don't.../ Please...) | Tag dùng will you | Open the door, will you? |
| Nobody / No one / Nothing | Câu đã phủ định → tag khẳng định | Nobody came, did they? |
| Everyone / Everybody / Someone | Tag dùng they | Everyone is here, aren't they? |
| This / That | Tag dùng it | This is your book, isn't it? |
| There is / There are | Tag dùng there | There are 10 students, aren't there? |
| never / hardly / seldom / rarely | Từ mang nghĩa phủ định → tag khẳng định | He never smokes, does he? |
| used to | Tag dùng didn't | She used to live here, didn't she? |
| had better | Tag dùng hadn't | You'd better go, hadn't you? |
3. Bài tập trắc nghiệm — 15 câu
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).
Câu 1. She is a doctor, ______?
A. is she B. isn't she C. doesn't she D. does she
Câu 2. They don't like spicy food, ______?
A. don't they B. aren't they C. do they D. are they
Câu 3. I am your friend, ______?
A. am not I B. amn't I C. aren't I D. don't I
Câu 4. Let's go to the cinema, ______?
A. will we B. won't we C. shall we D. don't we
Câu 5. Nobody called me, ______?
A. didn't they B. did they C. didn't he D. called they
Câu 6. He can speak French, ______?
A. doesn't he B. can he C. can't he D. isn't he
Câu 7. You have finished your homework, ______?
A. have you B. haven't you C. don't you D. didn't you
Câu 8. She hardly ever comes to class, ______?
A. doesn't she B. does she C. isn't she D. is she
Câu 9. Everyone has submitted the report, ______?
A. hasn't he B. haven't they C. has he D. have they
Câu 10. Close the window, ______?
A. do you B. shall we C. will you D. don't you
Câu 11. There are many books on the shelf, ______?
A. are there B. aren't there C. aren't they D. are they
Câu 12. He used to play football, ______?
A. didn't he B. usedn't he C. doesn't he D. did he
Câu 13. Nothing happened, ______?
A. didn't it B. did it C. didn't they D. happened it
Câu 14. You'd better leave now, ______?
A. wouldn't you B. hadn't you C. didn't you D. won't you
Câu 15. She will come tomorrow, ______?
A. will she B. does she C. won't she D. isn't she
4. Đáp án và giải thích
| Câu | Đáp án | Giải thích |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | B. isn't she | Câu chính khẳng định (is) → tag phủ định (isn't she). |
| 2 | C. do they | Câu chính phủ định (don't like) → tag khẳng định (do they). |
| 3 | C. aren't I | Trường hợp đặc biệt: I am → tag dùng aren't I. |
| 4 | C. shall we | Let's... → tag luôn là shall we. |
| 5 | B. did they | Nobody = phủ định → tag khẳng định. Đại từ cho nobody là they. |
| 6 | C. can't he | Câu chính khẳng định (can) → tag phủ định (can't he). |
| 7 | B. haven't you | Câu chính khẳng định (have finished) → tag phủ định (haven't you). |
| 8 | B. does she | "hardly ever" mang nghĩa phủ định → tag khẳng định (does she). |
| 9 | B. haven't they | Everyone → đại từ they. Khẳng định → tag phủ định (haven't they). |
| 10 | C. will you | Câu mệnh lệnh → tag dùng will you. |
| 11 | B. aren't there | There are (khẳng định) → tag: aren't there. |
| 12 | A. didn't he | used to → tag dùng didn't. |
| 13 | B. did it | Nothing = phủ định → tag khẳng định. Đại từ cho nothing là it. |
| 14 | B. hadn't you | had better → tag dùng hadn't. |
| 15 | C. won't she | Câu chính khẳng định (will come) → tag phủ định (won't she). |