Tổng ôn ngữ pháp VSTEP phần 1 — 50 câu mức B1

Bộ 50 câu trắc nghiệm dưới đây bao quát các chủ điểm ngữ pháp trình độ B1 thường gặp trong đề VSTEP: các thì cơ bản, bị động, câu điều kiện loại 1-2, mệnh đề quan hệ, gerund/infinitive, so sánh, mạo từ, giới từ.

Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).

Câu 1. She ______ in this company since 2018.

A. works   B. worked   C. has worked   D. is working

Câu 2. If I ______ enough money, I would buy a new laptop.

A. have   B. had   C. will have   D. am having

Câu 3. The report ______ by the manager yesterday.

A. was checked   B. checked   C. is checked   D. has checked

Câu 4. She enjoys ______ to classical music after work.

A. listen   B. to listen   C. listening   D. listened

Câu 5. The woman ______ son won the competition is my neighbour.

A. who   B. whom   C. which   D. whose

Câu 6. They ______ dinner when the doorbell rang.

A. have   B. were having   C. had   D. are having

Câu 7. This building is ______ than the one next to it.

A. more tall   B. taller   C. tallest   D. most tall

Câu 8. I am not used to ______ in cold weather.

A. drive   B. driving   C. drove   D. driven

Câu 9. ______ it was raining heavily, we decided to go out.

A. Despite   B. Although   C. However   D. Because

Câu 10. He asked me where I ______.

A. live   B. lived   C. do live   D. am living

Câu 11. She has been studying English ______ three years.

A. since   B. for   C. during   D. while

Câu 12. If you heat water to 100°C, it ______.

A. boils   B. will boil   C. would boil   D. boiled

Câu 13. The children were excited ______ the zoo.

A. about visiting   B. to visiting   C. for visit   D. of visiting

Câu 14. You ______ smoke in the hospital. It's prohibited.

A. mustn't   B. don't have to   C. needn't   D. might not

Câu 15. The cake ______ by my mother is delicious.

A. making   B. made   C. was made   D. is making

Câu 16. He promised ______ me with the project.

A. help   B. helping   C. to help   D. helped

Câu 17. ______ of the students passed the exam. They all failed.

A. All   B. Most   C. None   D. Some

Câu 18. She will call you as soon as she ______ home.

A. gets   B. will get   C. got   D. is getting

Câu 19. I ______ to Paris twice so far.

A. went   B. have been   C. was going   D. go

Câu 20. The movie was ______ boring that we left early.

A. such   B. too   C. enough   D. so

Câu 21. He is the ______ student in our class.

A. more intelligent   B. most intelligent   C. intelligenter   D. intelligent

Câu 22. My sister, ______ lives in Da Nang, is a doctor.

A. that   B. which   C. who   D. whom

Câu 23. If I were you, I ______ accept the job offer.

A. will   B. would   C. can   D. shall

Câu 24. She suggested ______ to the beach this weekend.

A. to go   B. going   C. go   D. went

Câu 25. They have lived here ______ 2015.

A. for   B. since   C. during   D. from

Câu 26. The letter ______ yesterday, but I haven't read it yet.

A. arrived   B. has arrived   C. arrives   D. was arriving

Câu 27. He is interested ______ learning Japanese.

A. on   B. at   C. in   D. for

Câu 28. ______ the weather was bad, the event was a success.

A. Because   B. Since   C. Although   D. So

Câu 29. I don't mind ______ late if it's necessary.

A. to work   B. work   C. working   D. worked

Câu 30. This is the restaurant ______ we had dinner last month.

A. which   B. that   C. where   D. when

Câu 31. Water ______ of hydrogen and oxygen.

A. consist   B. consists   C. is consisted   D. consisting

Câu 32. She was too tired ______ the housework.

A. doing   B. to do   C. do   D. for doing

Câu 33. We ______ play outside when we were children.

A. use to   B. used to   C. are used to   D. using to

Câu 34. The exam is ______ than I expected.

A. more difficult   B. difficulter   C. most difficult   D. the more difficult

Câu 35. He ______ English for two hours before he went to bed.

A. studied   B. had studied   C. was studying   D. studies

Câu 36. You should ______ more attention in class.

A. pay   B. paying   C. to pay   D. paid

Câu 37. There isn't ______ milk in the fridge.

A. some   B. any   C. many   D. few

Câu 38. She has ______ finished her assignment.

A. yet   B. already   C. still   D. never

Câu 39. I'd like ______ a table for two, please.

A. book   B. booking   C. to book   D. booked

Câu 40. The man ______ next to me on the bus was reading a newspaper.

A. sat   B. sitting   C. who sit   D. was sitting

Câu 41. ______ you study hard, you will pass the exam.

A. Unless   B. If   C. Although   D. Despite

Câu 42. She is afraid ______ speaking in public.

A. to   B. of   C. for   D. about

Câu 43. I wish I ______ a car. I have to take the bus every day.

A. have   B. had   C. will have   D. am having

Câu 44. The books ______ on the table belong to my teacher.

A. lay   B. lying   C. lied   D. are laid

Câu 45. We need to discuss ______ the problem as soon as possible.

A. about   B. on   C. ∅   D. for

Câu 46. He speaks English ______ than his classmates.

A. more fluently   B. more fluent   C. fluenter   D. most fluently

Câu 47. A new school ______ in our village next year.

A. will build   B. will be built   C. is building   D. builds

Câu 48. Neither my brother nor I ______ good at cooking.

A. is   B. are   C. am   D. be

Câu 49. She asked me ______ I had ever been to Japan.

A. that   B. whether   C. what   D. which

Câu 50. ______ he is rich, he is not happy.

A. Because   B. Although   C. So   D. Therefore

Đáp án

Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án
1	C	11	B	21	B	31	B	41	B
2	B	12	A	22	C	32	B	42	B
3	A	13	A	23	B	33	B	43	B
4	C	14	A	24	B	34	A	44	B
5	D	15	B	25	B	35	B	45	C
6	B	16	C	26	A	36	A	46	A
7	B	17	C	27	C	37	B	47	B
8	B	18	A	28	C	38	B	48	C
9	B	19	B	29	C	39	C	49	B
10	B	20	D	30	C	40	B	50	B

Tổng ôn ngữ pháp VSTEP phần 2 — 50 câu mức B2

Bộ 50 câu trắc nghiệm nâng cao dành cho trình độ B2, bao quát: mixed conditionals, đảo ngữ, câu chẻ, subjunctive, participial clauses, reported speech nâng cao, phrasal verbs và collocations.

Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).

Câu 1. If she had taken the medicine, she ______ better now.

A. will feel   B. would feel   C. felt   D. feels

Câu 2. Not only ______ the exam, but he also got the highest score.

A. he passed   B. did he pass   C. he did pass   D. passed he

Câu 3. It is essential that every student ______ the assignment on time.

A. submits   B. submit   C. submitted   D. will submit

Câu 4. ______ from the hilltop, the city looks spectacular at night.

A. Seeing   B. Seen   C. Having seeing   D. To see

Câu 5. The manager insisted that the report ______ before Friday.

A. is finished   B. be finished   C. was finished   D. will be finished

Câu 6. Were I in your position, I ______ the scholarship.

A. will accept   B. would accept   C. accepted   D. accept

Câu 7. It was the dedication of the teachers ______ made the programme successful.

A. who   B. which   C. that   D. whom

Câu 8. ______ had she left the office when it started to rain heavily.

A. Not   B. Hardly   C. Never   D. Only

Câu 9. He suggested that we ______ a different approach to the problem.

A. take   B. took   C. taking   D. would take

Câu 10. ______ carefully, the instructions are not difficult to follow.

A. Having read   B. Being read   C. Read   D. To read

Câu 11. If I hadn't missed the bus, I ______ late for the interview.

A. wouldn't be   B. wouldn't have been   C. won't be   D. am not

Câu 12. Seldom ______ such a thought-provoking documentary.

A. I have watched   B. have I watched   C. I watched   D. did I watched

Câu 13. The doctor recommended that she ______ more rest.

A. gets   B. get   C. got   D. getting

Câu 14. ______ in 1945, the university has produced many talented graduates.

A. Founding   B. Founded   C. Having founding   D. To found

Câu 15. Had the weather been better, we ______ the outdoor concert.

A. would enjoy   B. would have enjoyed   C. enjoyed   D. will enjoy

Câu 16. Only by working hard ______ achieve your goals.

A. you can   B. can you   C. you will   D. do you

Câu 17. It is high time we ______ about climate change seriously.

A. think   B. thought   C. thinking   D. will think

Câu 18. ______ the fact that he was ill, he went to work.

A. Although   B. Because of   C. Despite   D. However

Câu 19. What she said was completely different ______ what she did.

A. with   B. from   C. to   D. as

Câu 20. The project, ______ was completed last month, received an award.

A. that   B. which   C. who   D. whom

Câu 21. So interesting ______ that I couldn't put it down.

A. the book was   B. was the book   C. the book is   D. is the book

Câu 22. She denied ______ the confidential document.

A. to leak   B. leaking   C. leaked   D. leak

Câu 23. If only I ______ more careful with my spending last year.

A. was   B. were   C. had been   D. am

Câu 24. The proposal was turned ______ by the committee due to lack of funding.

A. up   B. off   C. down   D. out

Câu 25. No sooner had the concert begun ______ the power went out.

A. when   B. than   C. that   D. then

Câu 26. He speaks as if he ______ an expert on the topic.

A. is   B. were   C. was being   D. has been

Câu 27. ______ finishing her degree, she applied for a job abroad.

A. In   B. On   C. At   D. By

Câu 28. The more you practice, ______ your pronunciation will become.

A. the better   B. better   C. the best   D. good

Câu 29. She would rather her children ______ less time on social media.

A. spend   B. spent   C. spending   D. to spend

Câu 30. The students, none of ______ had prepared, failed the pop quiz.

A. who   B. whom   C. that   D. which

Câu 31. Under no circumstances ______ reveal your password to anyone.

A. you should   B. should you   C. you must   D. must you not

Câu 32. The suspect is believed ______ the country last night.

A. to leave   B. to have left   C. leaving   D. left

Câu 33. ______ he apologize, I will not forgive him.

A. Unless   B. If   C. Even if   D. Whether

Câu 34. The new policy aims to cut ______ on plastic waste.

A. up   B. off   C. down   D. out

Câu 35. It was not until midnight ______ he realized the deadline had passed.

A. when   B. that   C. which   D. where

Câu 36. She is accustomed to ______ under pressure.

A. work   B. working   C. worked   D. be working

Câu 37. ______ for the scholarship, you need at least a B2 certificate.

A. To apply   B. Applying   C. Applied   D. Having applied

Câu 38. He couldn't help ______ when he heard the funny story.

A. to laugh   B. laughing   C. laughed   D. laugh

Câu 39. Were it not for her encouragement, I ______ up long ago.

A. will give   B. would have given   C. gave   D. give

Câu 40. The CEO, along with his advisors, ______ attending the summit.

A. are   B. is   C. were   D. have been

Câu 41. Little ______ about the consequences of his decision.

A. he knew   B. did he know   C. he did know   D. knew he

Câu 42. I'd rather you ______ anyone about this matter.

A. don't tell   B. didn't tell   C. not tell   D. won't tell

Câu 43. The research paper needs ______ before submission.

A. to revise   B. revising   C. revised   D. revise

Câu 44. ______ the heavy traffic, she managed to arrive on time.

A. Although   B. In spite of   C. Because   D. However

Câu 45. She came up ______ a brilliant idea during the brainstorming session.

A. to   B. for   C. with   D. on

Câu 46. Provided that you ______ all the requirements, you will be accepted.

A. meet   B. met   C. will meet   D. meeting

Câu 47. Neither the teacher nor the students ______ aware of the schedule change.

A. is   B. was   C. were   D. has been

Câu 48. The house ______ roof was damaged in the storm has been repaired.

A. which   B. that   C. whose   D. where

Câu 49. By the time we arrive, they ______ already left.

A. have   B. will have   C. had   D. would

Câu 50. He objected to ______ treated unfairly by his supervisor.

A. be   B. being   C. been   D. have been

Đáp án

Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án
1	B	11	B	21	B	31	B	41	B
2	B	12	B	22	B	32	B	42	B
3	B	13	B	23	C	33	C	43	B
4	B	14	B	24	C	34	C	44	B
5	B	15	B	25	B	35	B	45	C
6	B	16	B	26	B	36	B	46	A
7	C	17	B	27	B	37	A	47	C
8	B	18	C	28	A	38	B	48	C
9	A	19	B	29	B	39	B	49	B
10	A	20	B	30	B	40	B	50	B

Đề thi mô phỏng phần Use of Language trong đề VSTEP thật. Thời gian tham khảo: 30 phút cho 40 câu. Mix trình độ B1 và B2.

Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).

Câu 1. She has been working here ______ she graduated from university.

A. for   B. since   C. during   D. while

Câu 2. If I ______ you, I would take the VSTEP exam this November.

A. am   B. was   C. were   D. had been

Câu 3. The new hospital ______ by the end of next year.

A. will complete   B. will be completed   C. completes   D. is completing

Câu 4. Hardly ______ the station when the train departed.

A. did we reach   B. we reached   C. had we reached   D. we had reached

Câu 5. He apologized ______ being late for the meeting.

A. about   B. for   C. of   D. to

Câu 6. It was Minh ______ helped me finish the project on time.

A. which   B. whom   C. who   D. whose

Câu 7. The teacher demanded that every student ______ present at the ceremony.

A. is   B. be   C. was   D. were

Câu 8. She would rather ______ at home than go to the party tonight.

A. staying   B. to stay   C. stay   D. stayed

Câu 9. ______ in the 19th century, the bridge is still in use today.

A. Building   B. Built   C. Having building   D. To build

Câu 10. The longer you wait, ______ it becomes to make a decision.

A. the harder   B. harder   C. the hardest   D. more harder

Câu 11. I am looking forward ______ from you soon.

A. to hear   B. to hearing   C. hearing   D. for hearing

Câu 12. ______ of the applicants met the minimum requirements for the position.

A. Neither   B. Either   C. Both   D. Each

Câu 13. He asked me how long I ______ English.

A. study   B. have studied   C. had been studying   D. am studying

Câu 14. Not until she read the letter ______ the truth.

A. she knew   B. she did know   C. did she know   D. knew she

Câu 15. The boy ______ father is a doctor wants to become a teacher.

A. who   B. whom   C. which   D. whose

Câu 16. We need to come ______ a solution before the deadline.

A. up with   B. out of   C. along to   D. down for

Câu 17. She has two brothers, ______ of whom lives abroad.

A. both   B. all   C. neither   D. none

Câu 18. If she had studied harder, she ______ the exam.

A. would pass   B. would have passed   C. passed   D. will pass

Câu 19. The children ______ play in the park every afternoon when they were young.

A. used to   B. are used to   C. get used to   D. use to

Câu 20. ______ the heavy rain, the outdoor event was cancelled.

A. Because   B. Although   C. Due to   D. In spite of

Câu 21. He is one of the most experienced teachers who ______ ever worked at this school.

A. has   B. have   C. had   D. having

Câu 22. She insisted ______ paying for dinner herself.

A. in   B. on   C. at   D. for

Câu 23. The film was ______ interesting that I watched it twice.

A. such   B. too   C. enough   D. so

Câu 24. Were she to arrive early, she ______ help us set up.

A. can   B. will   C. could   D. must

Câu 25. He denied ______ involved in the incident.

A. to be   B. being   C. be   D. been

Câu 26. The government has taken measures to cope ______ the rising unemployment.

A. up   B. to   C. with   D. for

Câu 27. Only when he left the room ______ I notice he had been crying.

A. that   B. did   C. had   D. was

Câu 28. She is believed ______ the youngest professor in the country.

A. being   B. to be   C. be   D. been

Câu 29. The machine stopped ______ because it ran out of fuel.

A. to work   B. working   C. work   D. worked

Câu 30. ______ his lack of experience, he performed remarkably well.

A. Although   B. Because of   C. Despite   D. Since

Câu 31. The homework needs ______ before class tomorrow.

A. to complete   B. completing   C. completed   D. complete

Câu 32. She speaks English as ______ as her British colleagues.

A. good   B. well   C. better   D. best

Câu 33. Had I known about the traffic jam, I ______ a different route.

A. will take   B. would take   C. would have taken   D. took

Câu 34. The number of students enrolled in the course ______ increased significantly.

A. have   B. has   C. are   D. were

Câu 35. She avoids ______ junk food as much as possible.

A. to eat   B. eat   C. eating   D. eaten

Câu 36. This is the house in ______ the famous poet was born.

A. where   B. which   C. that   D. whom

Câu 37. He has ______ money that he can't afford a new phone.

A. so few   B. such little   C. so little   D. too few

Câu 38. My mother made me ______ my room before going out.

A. to clean   B. cleaning   C. clean   D. cleaned

Câu 39. It is high time the government ______ action on pollution.

A. takes   B. took   C. take   D. will take

Câu 40. ______ you need any assistance, please don't hesitate to ask.

A. Unless   B. Should   C. Were   D. Had

Đáp án

Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án
1	B	11	B	21	B	31	B
2	C	12	A	22	B	32	B
3	B	13	C	23	D	33	C
4	C	14	C	24	C	34	B
5	B	15	D	25	B	35	C
6	C	16	A	26	C	36	B
7	B	17	C	27	B	37	C
8	C	18	B	28	B	38	C
9	B	19	A	29	B	39	B
10	A	20	C	30	C	40	B

Đề thi mô phỏng phần Use of Language (đề số 2). Thời gian tham khảo: 30 phút cho 40 câu. Mix trình độ B1 và B2.

Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).

Câu 1. By the time she arrives, we ______ waiting for over an hour.

A. will be   B. will have been   C. are   D. have been

Câu 2. The children were made ______ their homework before watching TV.

A. finish   B. to finish   C. finishing   D. finished

Câu 3. ______ she been more careful, the accident would not have happened.

A. If   B. Were   C. Had   D. Should

Câu 4. The city ______ I was born has changed a lot over the years.

A. which   B. where   C. that   D. whom

Câu 5. He is ______ young to drive a car legally.

A. so   B. very   C. too   D. enough

Câu 6. Not only ______ fluent in English, but she also speaks French.

A. she is   B. is she   C. she does   D. does she

Câu 7. I'd rather you ______ smoke in the house.

A. don't   B. didn't   C. won't   D. not

Câu 8. ______ having a degree, she couldn't find a suitable job.

A. Although   B. Despite   C. Because of   D. Since

Câu 9. The report ______ by the end of this week.

A. must finish   B. must be finishing   C. must be finished   D. must have finishing

Câu 10. She suggested that we ______ the meeting to Monday.

A. postpone   B. postponed   C. would postpone   D. postponing

Câu 11. ______ all her efforts, she still failed the B2 section.

A. Despite   B. Although   C. Because   D. However

Câu 12. The more carefully you read, ______ mistakes you will find.

A. fewer   B. the fewer   C. less   D. the less

Câu 13. She can't help ______ nervous before every exam.

A. to feel   B. feeling   C. feel   D. felt

Câu 14. He ______ working at the hospital for ten years before he retired.

A. has been   B. had been   C. was   D. is

Câu 15. Rarely ______ a student achieve a perfect score on the VSTEP.

A. does   B. do   C. is   D. has

Câu 16. She got her brother ______ her move the furniture.

A. help   B. to help   C. helped   D. helping

Câu 17. The teacher, together with her students, ______ visiting the museum today.

A. are   B. is   C. were   D. have been

Câu 18. It was ______ a difficult test that many students failed.

A. so   B. such   C. too   D. very

Câu 19. If he ______ harder last semester, he wouldn't be retaking the course now.

A. studied   B. had studied   C. studies   D. would study

Câu 20. We are looking into the matter and will get back ______ you shortly.

A. for   B. with   C. to   D. at

Câu 21. ______ the instructions carefully, she assembled the furniture by herself.

A. Having read   B. Being read   C. To reading   D. Had read

Câu 22. The house needs ______ before the rainy season starts.

A. to repair   B. repairing   C. repaired   D. repair

Câu 23. She refused ______ the new contract without consulting her lawyer.

A. signing   B. to sign   C. sign   D. signed

Câu 24. There is ______ in the fridge. We need to go shopping.

A. nothing   B. anything   C. something   D. everything

Câu 25. He acted as though nothing ______.

A. happens   B. happened   C. had happened   D. has happened

Câu 26. They have put ______ the meeting until next Friday.

A. off   B. up   C. down   D. out

Câu 27. ______ I known about the cancellation, I wouldn't have gone to the venue.

A. If   B. Were   C. Should   D. Had

Câu 28. The instructions should be followed ______ to avoid any errors.

A. careful   B. carefully   C. care   D. careless

Câu 29. She is the woman ______ I told you about last week.

A. whom   B. which   C. whose   D. where

Câu 30. Each of the participants ______ given a certificate after the workshop.

A. were   B. was   C. are   D. have been

Câu 31. He couldn't concentrate on his work ______ the noise outside.

A. because   B. although   C. because of   D. in spite of

Câu 32. It is vital that the patient ______ the prescribed medication regularly.

A. takes   B. take   C. took   D. will take

Câu 33. So amazed ______ by the performance that the audience gave a standing ovation.

A. they were   B. were they   C. they are   D. are they

Câu 34. She promised ______ back before midnight.

A. coming   B. to come   C. come   D. came

Câu 35. ______ his advice, I would have made a terrible mistake.

A. Without   B. Unless   C. But for   D. Except

Câu 36. The package ______ to the wrong address yesterday.

A. delivered   B. was delivered   C. is delivered   D. has delivered

Câu 37. She is accustomed ______ long hours at the hospital.

A. to work   B. to working   C. work   D. working

Câu 38. My uncle, ______ is a retired teacher, volunteers at the local library.

A. that   B. which   C. who   D. whom

Câu 39. You had better ______ a jacket. It's cold outside.

A. to take   B. taking   C. take   D. took

Câu 40. Only after the exam results were announced ______ he realize how well he had done.

A. that   B. did   C. had   D. was

Đáp án

Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án	Câu	Đáp án
1	B	11	A	21	A	31	C
2	B	12	B	22	B	32	B
3	C	13	B	23	B	33	B
4	B	14	B	24	A	34	B
5	C	15	A	25	C	35	C
6	B	16	B	26	A	36	B
7	B	17	B	27	D	37	B
8	B	18	B	28	B	38	C
9	C	19	B	29	A	39	C
10	A	20	C	30	B	40	B

Dưới đây là 30 chủ điểm ngữ pháp quan trọng nhất cần nắm vững trước ngày thi VSTEP, được chia thành 5 nhóm. Mỗi chủ điểm có công thức tóm tắt và ví dụ minh họa giúp bạn ôn tập nhanh chóng.

Nhóm 1: Tenses (Các thì)

• 1. Hiện tại đơn (Present Simple)
  • Công thức: S + V(s/es) — Thói quen, sự thật, lịch trình
  • Ví dụ: She works at a hospital.
• 2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous)
  • Công thức: S + am/is/are + V-ing — Đang xảy ra, kế hoạch đã sắp xếp
  • Ví dụ: They are studying for the exam right now.
• 3. Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect)
  • Công thức: S + have/has + V3 — Hành động liên quan hiện tại, since/for/already/yet
  • Ví dụ: I have lived here since 2020.
• 4. Quá khứ đơn (Past Simple)
  • Công thức: S + V2/V-ed — Hành động đã kết thúc trong quá khứ
  • Ví dụ: He graduated from university last year.
• 5. Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)
  • Công thức: S + had + V3 — Hành động xảy ra trước một mốc quá khứ
  • Ví dụ: She had finished dinner before I arrived.
• 6. Tương lai (will / be going to / Present Continuous)
  • Will: quyết định tức thời, dự đoán. Be going to: dự định, bằng chứng. Present Continuous: kế hoạch cụ thể
  • Ví dụ: I will help you. / She is going to study law. / We are meeting at 3.

Nhóm 2: Sentence Types (Các loại câu)

• 7. Câu bị động (Passive Voice)
  • Công thức: S + be + V3 (+ by O) — Nhấn mạnh hành động/đối tượng chịu tác động
  • Ví dụ: The report was written by the manager.
• 8. Câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional)
  • Công thức: If + S + V (hiện tại), S + will + V — Có thể xảy ra ở tương lai
  • Ví dụ: If it rains, we will stay home.
• 9. Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Second Conditional)
  • Công thức: If + S + V2/were, S + would + V — Giả định không có thật ở hiện tại
  • Ví dụ: If I were rich, I would travel the world.
• 10. Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Third Conditional)
  • Công thức: If + S + had V3, S + would have V3 — Giả định không có thật ở quá khứ
  • Ví dụ: If she had studied, she would have passed.
• 11. Câu ước (Wish)
  • Hiện tại: wish + V2. Quá khứ: wish + had V3. Tương lai: wish + would V
  • Ví dụ: I wish I had more time.
• 12. Câu tường thuật (Reported Speech)
  • Lùi thì, đổi đại từ, đổi trạng từ thời gian/nơi chốn
  • Ví dụ: "I am tired" → He said he was tired.

Nhóm 3: Clauses (Các mệnh đề)

• 13. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining Relative Clauses)
  • who/whom/which/that/whose — Cần thiết để xác định danh từ
  • Ví dụ: The man who lives next door is a doctor.
• 14. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (Non-defining Relative Clauses)
  • Có dấu phẩy, KHÔNG dùng that — Bổ sung thông tin
  • Ví dụ: Ha Noi, which is the capital, is very crowded.
• 15. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nhượng bộ
  • Although/Even though + S + V. Despite/In spite of + N/V-ing
  • Ví dụ: Although he was tired, he continued working.
• 16. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nguyên nhân-kết quả
  • Because/Since/As + S + V. Because of/Due to + N
  • Ví dụ: She stayed home because she was ill.
• 17. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
  • When/While/Before/After/As soon as + S + V (dùng hiện tại cho tương lai)
  • Ví dụ: I'll call you as soon as I arrive.
• 18. Mệnh đề danh từ
  • That/Whether/What/How + S + V — Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ
  • Ví dụ: What he said surprised everyone.

Nhóm 4: Word Types (Từ loại và cách dùng)

• 19. Gerund vs. Infinitive
  • V-ing sau: enjoy, avoid, suggest, mind, deny, consider. To V sau: want, hope, promise, refuse, decide
  • Ví dụ: She enjoys reading. / He wants to study abroad.
• 20. So sánh hơn và so sánh nhất
  • Adj ngắn: -er/the -est. Adj dài: more/the most. Bất quy tắc: good-better-best
  • Ví dụ: She is taller than her sister. / He is the most intelligent student.
• 21. Mạo từ (Articles)
  • A/An: lần đầu đề cập, nghề nghiệp. The: xác định, duy nhất. Zero: tổng quát, danh từ không đếm được
  • Ví dụ: She is a teacher. / The sun rises in the east. / I like music.
• 22. Giới từ (Prepositions)
  • Học theo collocation: interested in, good at, depend on, arrive at/in, married to
  • Ví dụ: She is interested in learning Japanese.
• 23. Modal Verbs (Động từ khiếm khuyết)
  • Can/Could/May/Might/Must/Should/Shall + V (nguyên mẫu). Must = bắt buộc. Mustn't = cấm. Don't have to = không cần
  • Ví dụ: You mustn't park here. / You don't have to wear a suit.
• 24. Quantifiers (Lượng từ)
  • Many/Few/A few + đếm được. Much/Little/A little + không đếm được. Some/Any/A lot of + cả hai
  • Ví dụ: She has many friends but little free time.

Nhóm 5: Advanced Structures (Cấu trúc nâng cao)

• 25. Đảo ngữ (Inversion)
  • Never/Hardly/Seldom/Not only/No sooner/Only + trợ động từ + S + V
  • Ví dụ: Never have I seen such a beautiful place.
• 26. Câu chẻ (Cleft Sentences)
  • It is/was + thành phần nhấn mạnh + that/who + phần còn lại
  • Ví dụ: It was Lan who won the first prize.
• 27. Thể sai khiến (Causative)
  • Have + someone + V / Have + something + V3. Get + someone + to V / Get + something + V3
  • Ví dụ: She had her hair cut. / He got his car repaired.
• 28. Subjunctive (Giả định cách)
  • Sau suggest/recommend/insist/demand/essential/vital + that + S + V (nguyên mẫu)
  • Ví dụ: The doctor recommended that she take more rest.
• 29. Participial Clauses (Mệnh đề phân từ)
  • V-ing (chủ động) / V3 (bị động) đứng đầu câu thay mệnh đề quan hệ/trạng ngữ
  • Ví dụ: Seen from above, the city looks tiny. / Having finished her work, she went home.
• 30. Mixed Conditionals (Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp)
  • If + had V3, S + would V (quá khứ → hiện tại). If + V2, S + would have V3 (hiện tại → quá khứ)
  • Ví dụ: If she had taken the medicine, she would feel better now.

Lời khuyên trước ngày thi

• In ra bản mindmap này và dán lên bàn học. Mỗi ngày ôn 1 nhóm (5 ngày xong 30 chủ điểm).
• Tự kiểm tra: che cột công thức, nhìn tên chủ điểm rồi nói lại công thức từ trí nhớ.
• Làm bài tập: quay lại các bài 49-54 trong series này để luyện đề thực hành.
• Focus lỗi: đọc lại bài 50 (50 lỗi thường gặp) để tránh mất điểm oan.

Chúc bạn thi VSTEP thành công!