So sánh kép (Double Comparatives) là gì?
So sánh kép là cấu trúc dùng hai dạng so sánh hơn để diễn tả sự thay đổi song song hoặc sự tăng/giảm liên tục. Đây là cấu trúc nâng cao (B2) hay xuất hiện trong VSTEP Writing và Use of English.
1. Cấu trúc "The more...the more..."
Diễn tả hai sự việc thay đổi cùng lúc, một sự việc tăng/giảm kéo theo sự việc kia.
Công thức
| Loại | Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Adj ngắn | The + Adj-er + S + V, the + Adj-er + S + V | The harder you work, the richer you become. |
| Adj dài | The more + Adj + S + V, the more + Adj + S + V | The more careful you are, the more successful you will be. |
| Danh từ | The more + N + S + V, the more + N + S + V | The more books you read, the more knowledge you gain. |
| Động từ | The more + S + V, the more + S + V | The more I learn, the more I realize how little I know. |
| Bất quy tắc | The + better/worse/..., the + better/worse/... | The better the weather, the happier we feel. |
Ví dụ thêm
- The sooner you finish, the sooner you can go home.
- The more you practice, the better you get.
- The less you sleep, the more tired you become.
- The more expensive the restaurant, the better the food. (Rút gọn, không cần S + V)
2. Cấu trúc "more and more" / "Adj-er and Adj-er"
Diễn tả sự tăng dần liên tục.
| Loại | Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Adj ngắn | Adj-er and Adj-er | The weather is getting hotter and hotter. |
| Adj dài | more and more + Adj | She became more and more confident. |
| Danh từ | more and more + N | More and more people use smartphones. |
3. Cấu trúc "less and less"
Diễn tả sự giảm dần liên tục.
- He became less and less interested in his job.
- Fewer and fewer students study Latin these days.
- The project seems less and less likely to succeed.
4. Lỗi phổ biến
- Sai: "The more harder you work..." → Đúng: The harder you work... (không dùng "more" với tính từ ngắn)
- Sai: "More and more better" → Đúng: Better and better (bất quy tắc)
- Sai: "The more you study, you get better" → Đúng: The more you study, the better you get (phải có "the" ở vế thứ hai)
- Sai: "The most you practice, the most you improve" → Đúng: The more you practice, the more you improve (dùng comparative, không dùng superlative)
20 câu trắc nghiệm Double Comparatives
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu sau.
Câu 1. ______ you study, ______ your results will be.
A. The harder / the better B. The more hard / the more good C. Harder / better D. The hardest / the best
Câu 2. The city is becoming ______ crowded.
A. more and more B. the more and more C. most and most D. the most
Câu 3. ______ the hotel, ______ the rooms.
A. The more expensive / the better B. More expensive / better C. The most expensive / the best D. Expensive / good
Câu 4. The weather is getting ______ and ______.
A. cold / cold B. colder / colder C. more cold / more cold D. coldest / coldest
Câu 5. ______ I think about it, ______ I understand.
A. The more / the less B. More / less C. The most / the least D. Most / least
Câu 6. She is getting ______ beautiful as she grows up.
A. more and more B. the more and more C. most and most D. the most and most
Câu 7. ______ we waited, ______ we became.
A. The longer / the more impatient B. Longer / more impatient C. The longest / the most impatient D. The more long / the more impatient
Câu 8. ______ people are taking public transport these days.
A. More and more B. The more and more C. Most and most D. The most
Câu 9. ______ you explain, ______ I get confused.
A. The more / the more B. More / more C. The most / the most D. The more / more
Câu 10. His health is getting ______ and ______.
A. worse / worse B. more bad / more bad C. worst / worst D. more worse / more worse
Câu 11. ______ money he earns, ______ he spends.
A. More / more B. The more / the more C. The most / the most D. Most / most
Câu 12. The exam was getting ______ difficult as it went on.
A. more and more B. the more and more C. most and most D. much more and much more
Câu 13. ______ you sleep, ______ energy you will have.
A. The less / the less B. Less / less C. The fewer / the less D. The least / the least
Câu 14. She became ______ confident after each presentation.
A. more and more B. the more and more C. most D. the most and most
Câu 15. ______ early you leave, ______ traffic you will avoid.
A. The more / the more B. The earlier / the more C. Earlier / more D. The earliest / the most
Câu 16. Technology is advancing ______ rapidly.
A. more and more B. the more and more C. most and most D. faster and faster
Câu 17. ______ she practiced, ______ her pronunciation became.
A. The more / the better B. More / better C. The most / the best D. The more / the more good
Câu 18. ______ students are choosing to study abroad.
A. Fewer and fewer B. The fewer and fewer C. Less and less D. The less and less
Câu 19. ______ the question is, ______ time you need to answer it.
A. The more complex / the more B. The complexer / the more C. More complex / more D. The most complex / the most
Câu 20. His English is getting ______ and ______.
A. better / better B. more good / more good C. gooder / gooder D. best / best
Đáp án và giải thích
| Câu | Đáp án | Giải thích |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | A. The harder / the better | Tính từ ngắn → The + Adj-er, the + Adj-er. Hard → harder, good → better. |
| 2 | A. more and more | Tăng dần liên tục + tính từ dài → more and more crowded. |
| 3 | A. The more expensive / the better | So sánh kép: The + comparative, the + comparative. |
| 4 | B. colder / colder | Tính từ ngắn tăng dần → colder and colder. |
| 5 | A. The more / the less | Càng nghĩ nhiều, càng ít hiểu → The more...the less. |
| 6 | A. more and more | Tính từ dài tăng dần → more and more beautiful. |
| 7 | A. The longer / the more impatient | Long → longer (ngắn) + impatient → more impatient (dài). |
| 8 | A. More and more | Danh từ tăng dần → More and more people. |
| 9 | A. The more / the more | So sánh kép → The more...the more. |
| 10 | A. worse / worse | Bất quy tắc: bad → worse → worse and worse. |
| 11 | B. The more / the more | So sánh kép với danh từ → The more money, the more he spends. |
| 12 | A. more and more | Tính từ dài tăng dần → more and more difficult. |
| 13 | A. The less / the less | "Sleep" là danh từ không đếm được → less; "energy" không đếm được → less. |
| 14 | A. more and more | Tính từ dài tăng dần → more and more confident. |
| 15 | B. The earlier / the more | "Early" → earlier; "traffic" không đếm được → more traffic. |
| 16 | A. more and more | Trạng từ dài tăng dần → more and more rapidly. |
| 17 | A. The more / the better | So sánh kép: The more + S + V, the better + N + V. |
| 18 | A. Fewer and fewer | "Students" đếm được → Fewer and fewer. |
| 19 | A. The more complex / the more | "Complex" là tính từ dài → the more complex. |
| 20 | A. better / better | Bất quy tắc: good → better → better and better. |
Kết thúc Trang 4 — Từ loại và giới từ. Tiếp theo: Trang 5 — Mệnh đề và câu phức hợp.