[HOT] Đề thi thử VSTEP có đáp án — Cập nhật mới nhất 2026

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#41 B1-B2

Đề thi thử số 11 — Listening 35 câu

Đề thi thử VSTEP Listening số 11

Thời gian: 40 phút | Tổng số câu: 35 câu trắc nghiệm

Hướng dẫn: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu hỏi. Bạn chỉ được nghe MỘT lần.

PART 1 — Short Announcements (Câu 1–8)

Nghe 8 đoạn thông báo ngắn. Mỗi đoạn có 1 câu hỏi.

Đoạn 1: [Context: Thông báo trên nền tảng học trực tuyến của trường đại học]

Câu 1. What is the main message of this announcement?

A. A new batch of online courses will open for registration next Monday
B. All current online courses will be discontinued at the end of the semester
C. The platform will be down for maintenance this weekend
D. Students must pay additional fees for the upcoming online sessions

Đoạn 2: [Context: Thông báo tại phòng thí nghiệm máy tính của trường]

Câu 2. What change is being introduced in the computer lab?

A. The lab will be open 24 hours a day starting next week
B. New high-performance workstations are being installed for design students
C. A new printing service is now available at a reduced cost
D. The lab will move to a different building next semester

Đoạn 3: [Context: Thông báo từ giảng viên về khóa học trực tuyến]

Câu 3. What does the instructor ask students to do before next class?

A. Submit a video presentation
B. Complete the assigned reading and post a comment in the forum
C. Take a practice quiz on the course platform
D. Form study groups of three to four students

Đoạn 4: [Context: Thông báo tại thư viện về dịch vụ số]

Câu 4. What new digital service is the library offering?

A. Free access to e-books and audiobooks with student ID
B. Extended borrowing periods for physical books
C. A new silent study area on the second floor
D. Discounted printing services for all students

Đoạn 5: [Context: Thông báo từ phòng đào tạo về lịch thi]

Câu 5. What change has been made to the final exam?

A. It has been moved to a larger lecture hall
B. It will now be conducted online via the university portal
C. The duration has been extended by 30 minutes
D. Open-book materials are now permitted

Đoạn 6: [Context: Thông báo về hội thảo công nghệ giáo dục]

Câu 6. Who is the keynote speaker at the education technology symposium?

A. The university rector
B. A leading researcher in AI applications for education
C. A representative from the Ministry of Education
D. An international student exchange coordinator

Đoạn 7: [Context: Thông báo tại hội chợ việc làm trường]

Câu 7. What opportunity is the career fair highlighting this year?

A. A new internship program with tech startups
B. Scholarships for postgraduate study abroad
C. A guaranteed placement program with multinational companies
D. Free resume review sessions with HR professionals

Đoạn 8: [Context: Thông báo từ hệ thống quản lý học tập]

Câu 8. What does the system notification ask students to verify?

A. Their contact information on the student portal
B. The accuracy of their registered courses for next term
C. Their library loan history
D. The status of their graduation application

PART 2 — Conversations (Câu 9–20)

Nghe 3 đoạn hội thoại. Mỗi đoạn có 4 câu hỏi.

Conversation 1 (Câu 9–12): [Sinh viên và cố vấn học tập thảo luận về chọn khóa học trực tuyến]

Câu 9. Why does the student want to take an online course?

A. To reduce tuition costs
B. To fit learning around a part-time job schedule
C. Because all in-person classes are full
D. To earn extra academic credits quickly

Câu 10. What concern does the advisor raise about online learning?

A. The fees are significantly higher
B. The courses are not recognized by employers
C. It requires strong self-discipline and time management
D. Technical issues make it unreliable

Câu 11. What suggestion does the advisor make to help the student succeed?

A. Drop the part-time job entirely
B. Set a fixed weekly schedule for online coursework
C. Choose a different major
D. Transfer to another university with more online options

Câu 12. What does the student agree to do?

A. Meet with the advisor weekly to track progress
B. Submit a draft schedule before next registration
C. Try one online course first as a trial
D. Write a formal request for special accommodation

Conversation 2 (Câu 13–16): [Hai giáo viên thảo luận về việc tích hợp công nghệ vào lớp học]

Câu 13. What is the main challenge the teachers are discussing?

A. Limited budget for new technology
B. Engaging students who are distracted by their phones
C. Lack of training on digital tools
D. Resistance from school administrators

Câu 14. What tool does the male teacher suggest using?

A. Interactive polling apps to encourage participation
B. Traditional paper-based worksheets
C. Longer lectures to keep students focused
D. Mandatory device confiscation during class

Câu 15. How does the female teacher react to the suggestion?

A. She thinks it is too expensive to implement
B. She worries it may not work for all subjects
C. She is enthusiastic and wants to try it next week
D. She prefers waiting for the school to provide guidelines

Câu 16. What do they decide to do together?

A. Write a proposal for the school board
B. Pilot the tool in one class and share results
C. Attend a training workshop on educational technology
D. Survey students about their technology preferences

Conversation 3 (Câu 17–20): [Phụ huynh và giáo viên thảo luận về việc học online của con]

Câu 17. What is the parent concerned about?

A. The cost of online learning materials
B. The amount of screen time for the child
C. The child falling behind in social skills
D. The quality of teachers in online programs

Câu 18. How does the teacher respond to the concern?

A. Suggests limiting all technology use at home
B. Explains that online learning has built-in breaks
C. Recommends switching back to in-person classes
D. Provides research on healthy screen time habits

Câu 19. What does the parent mention about the child at home?

A. The child refuses to do homework
B. The child has become more independent in learning
C. The child spends too much time on social media
D. The child is excelling in all subjects now

Câu 20. What is the agreed follow-up action?

A. The teacher will check in with the child weekly
B. The parent will monitor screen time and report back
C. They will schedule a meeting with the school counselor
D. The child will be moved to a different class

PART 3 — Lectures (Câu 21–35)

Nghe 3 bài giảng. Mỗi bài có 5 câu hỏi.

Lecture 1 (Câu 21–25): [Bài giảng về lịch sử công nghệ giáo dục]

Câu 21. When did the first programmed learning machines appear?

A. In the early 1900s
B. In the 1950s
C. In the 1980s
D. After 2000

Câu 22. What was the main innovation of Skinner's teaching machines?

A. They used artificial intelligence
B. They provided immediate feedback to learners
C. They replaced teachers entirely
D. They were the first to use video content

Câu 23. What shift occurred in the 1990s with the rise of personal computers?

A. Computers replaced all textbooks
B. Education technology became widely accessible in schools
C. Online degrees became mainstream
D. Programming became a required subject

Câu 24. How did the emergence of the internet in the late 1990s change education?

A. It made distance learning practical on a large scale
B. It eliminated the need for libraries
C. It standardized curriculum globally
D. It reduced the cost of higher education

Câu 25. What does the speaker identify as the most significant recent development?

A. The invention of the smartphone
B. The integration of artificial intelligence in learning platforms
C. The widespread adoption of e-books
D. The introduction of online discussion forums

Lecture 2 (Câu 26–30): [Bài giảng về trí tuệ nhân tạo trong giáo dục]

Câu 26. What is the main difference between AI tutors and traditional computer-based learning?

A. AI tutors can adapt to individual learning styles
B. AI tutors are cheaper to develop
C. AI tutors work only on mobile devices
D. AI tutors do not require internet access

Câu 27. According to the speaker, what is one limitation of current AI in education?

A. It cannot process text
B. It struggles to understand emotional and contextual nuances
C. It is only available in English
D. It requires expensive hardware

Câu 28. What benefit does the speaker highlight for teachers using AI tools?

A. AI eliminates the need for lesson planning
B. AI automates grading, freeing time for student interaction
C. AI replaces the need for professional development
D. AI guarantees higher test scores

Câu 29. What ethical concern does the speaker raise about AI in education?

A. AI systems are too slow to use in classrooms
B. Data privacy and algorithmic bias in learning assessments
C. AI tools are too expensive for public schools
D. Students may become overly dependent on AI

Câu 30. What future trend does the speaker predict?

A. AI will fully replace teachers within a decade
B. Hybrid models combining AI and human teachers will become standard
C. AI will only be used in higher education
D. Traditional teaching methods will completely disappear

Lecture 3 (Câu 31–35): [Bài giảng về tương lai của lớp học]

Câu 31. How does the speaker describe the classroom of 2035?

A. Largely the same as today but with better WiFi
B. A blended physical and digital learning environment
C. Completely virtual with no physical schools
D. Focused exclusively on standardized testing

Câu 32. What role does the speaker predict for teachers in the future?

A. They will become content delivery specialists
B. They will act as mentors and learning facilitators
C. They will be replaced by AI assistants
D. They will focus on administrative tasks only

Câu 33. What technology does the speaker mention as enabling personalized learning?

A. Massive open online courses (MOOCs)
B. Adaptive learning algorithms
C. Standardized textbooks
D. Traditional lecture recordings

Câu 34. According to the speaker, what is the biggest challenge to implementing future classrooms?

A. Lack of student interest in technology
B. Unequal access to technology and the digital divide
C. Resistance from parents to new teaching methods
D. Insufficient research on educational outcomes

Câu 35. What does the speaker say is needed to make the future classroom a reality?

A. Larger school buildings and more computers
B. Comprehensive teacher training and equitable infrastructure
C. Reduced curriculum requirements
D. More standardized testing

#42 B1-B2

Đáp án Đề 11 — Listening

Đáp án Đề thi thử VSTEP Listening số 11 + Giải thích chi tiết

Hướng dẫn: Đáp án được highlight bằng chữ đậm. Đọc kỹ phần giải thích để hiểu logic đáp án.

CâuĐáp ánGiải thích
1AThông báo nói về việc mở đăng ký khóa học mới vào thứ Hai tuần sau.
2BPhòng thí nghiệm sắp cài máy trạm hiệu năng cao cho sinh viên thiết kế.
3BGiảng viên yêu cầu sinh viên đọc tài liệu và đăng bình luận trên diễn đàn.
4AThư viện thông báo dịch vụ mới: truy cập miễn phí e-book và audiobook bằng thẻ SV.
5BKỳ thi cuối kỳ sẽ được tổ chức trực tuyến qua cổng thông tin trường.
6BDiễn giả chính là nhà nghiên cứu hàng đầu về ứng dụng AI trong giáo dục.
7AHội chợ nhấn mạnh chương trình thực tập mới với các startup công nghệ.
8BHệ thống yêu cầu sinh viên kiểm tra tính chính xác của các khóa học đã đăng ký cho kỳ sau.
9BSinh viên muốn học trực tuyến để phù hợp với lịch làm thêm.
10CCố vấn lo ngại học trực tuyến đòi hỏi kỷ luật tự giác và quản lý thời gian tốt.
11BCố vấn gợi ý lập lịch hàng tuần cố định cho việc học trực tuyến.
12CSinh viên đồng ý thử một khóa học trực tuyến trước như một thử nghiệm.
13BThách thức chính là thu hút học sinh đang mất tập trung vì điện thoại.
14AGiáo viên nam gợi ý dùng ứng dụng bình chọn tương tác để khuyến khích tham gia.
15CGiáo viên nữ rất hào hứng và muốn thử vào tuần sau.
16BHọ quyết định thử nghiệm công cụ trong một lớp rồi chia sẻ kết quả.
17BPhụ huynh lo ngại về lượng thời gian sử dụng màn hình của con.
18BGiáo viên giải thích học trực tuyến có tích hợp sẵn các khoảng nghỉ.
19CPhụ huynh đề cập con dành quá nhiều thời gian cho mạng xã hội.
20BPhụ huynh sẽ theo dõi thời gian dùng màn hình và báo cáo lại.
21BMáy học lập trình đầu tiên xuất hiện vào những năm 1950.
22BĐổi mới chính của máy dạy học Skinner là cung cấp phản hồi ngay lập tức cho người học.
23BSự chuyển đổi là công nghệ giáo dục trở nên phổ biến rộng rãi trong các trường.
24AInternet làm cho việc học từ xa trở nên khả thi trên quy mô lớn.
25BPhát triển quan trọng nhất gần đây là tích hợp AI trong các nền tảng học tập.
26AGia sư AI khác biệt chính là có thể thích ứng với phong cách học tập cá nhân.
27BHạn chế là AI khó hiểu các sắc thái cảm xúc và ngữ cảnh.
28BLợi ích cho giáo viên là AI tự động hóa chấm điểm, giải phóng thời gian để tương tác với học sinh.
29BLo ngại đạo đức là quyền riêng tư dữ liệu và thiên kiến thuật toán trong đánh giá.
30BXu hướng tương lai là mô hình kết hợp AI và giáo viên con người sẽ trở thành chuẩn mực.
31BLớp học 2035 là môi trường học tập kết hợp giữa vật lý và kỹ thuật số.
32BGiáo viên tương lai sẽ đóng vai trò cố vấn và người hỗ trợ học tập.
33BCông nghệ được nhắc đến là các thuật toán học tập thích ứng (adaptive learning).
34BThách thức lớn nhất là sự tiếp cận công nghệ không đồng đều và khoảng cách số.
35BCần có đào tạo giáo viên toàn diện và cơ sở hạ tầng công bằng.

Mẹo làm bài Listening VSTEP

  • Đọc câu hỏi trước khi nghe: Dùng thời gian hướng dẫn (10-15 giây) để đọc trước câu hỏi Part 1, đoán chủ đề
  • Ghi chú nhanh keywords: Đặc biệt với tên riêng, số, địa điểm trong Part 2-3
  • Loại trừ đáp án sai: Dùng process of elimination khi không chắc chắn
  • Đừng hoảng nếu miss 1 câu: Tập trung câu tiếp theo, không pause lại

Tính điểm Listening

Điểm = (Số câu đúng / 35) × 10. Làm tròn 0.5.

Số câu đúngĐiểm quy đổiBậc VSTEP
10–173.0–4.5Bậc 2 (A2)
18–245.0–6.0Bậc 3 (B1)
25–306.5–8.0Bậc 4 (B2)
31–358.5–10.0Bậc 5 (C1)
#43 B1-B2

Đề thi thử số 11 — Reading 40 câu (có bài đọc)

Đề thi thử VSTEP Reading số 11

Thời gian: 60 phút | Tổng số câu: 40 câu trắc nghiệm

Hướng dẫn: Đọc kỹ các đoạn văn và chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu hỏi.

PASSAGE 1 (Câu 1–10)

Online learning platforms have transformed the educational landscape over the past decade, making knowledge more accessible than ever before. Platforms such as Coursera, edX, and Khan Academy offer courses from top universities and institutions to learners around the world, often for free or at a fraction of the cost of traditional education. This democratization of learning has opened doors for millions of people who previously had limited access to quality education due to geographic, financial, or time constraints.

One of the key advantages of online learning is flexibility. Unlike traditional classroom settings, online courses allow learners to study at their own pace, revisiting difficult concepts and skipping over material they already understand. This self-paced approach is particularly beneficial for working professionals and adult learners who need to balance education with other responsibilities. Additionally, online platforms often provide a variety of multimedia resources—including videos, quizzes, and interactive simulations—that cater to different learning styles.

However, online learning is not without its challenges. The lack of face-to-face interaction can lead to feelings of isolation, and some students struggle with self-motivation without the structure of a physical classroom. Furthermore, the rapid proliferation of online courses has raised concerns about quality control and credential recognition. While many reputable platforms partner with accredited institutions, others offer certificates of completion that may not be valued by employers in the same way as traditional degrees.

Despite these challenges, the future of online learning appears bright. Advances in artificial intelligence are enabling more personalized learning experiences, and the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of online and hybrid learning models in educational institutions worldwide. As technology continues to evolve, online learning platforms are likely to play an increasingly important role in shaping how people acquire knowledge and skills throughout their lives.

Câu 1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Online learning is replacing traditional universities
B. Online learning platforms have made education more accessible but face certain challenges
C. Only wealthy people benefit from online education
D. Online learning is too expensive for most students

Câu 2. According to the passage, what is one benefit of online learning mentioned in paragraph 2?

A. Free tuition for all students
B. Flexibility to learn at one's own pace
C. Guaranteed job placement after completion
D. Direct contact with famous professors

Câu 3. The word "democratization" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:

A. Simplification
B. Popularization
C. Government control
D. Commercialization

Câu 4. What challenge of online learning is mentioned in paragraph 3?

A. Courses are too short
B. Lack of face-to-face interaction and self-motivation issues
C. Too many in-person requirements
D. Mandatory group projects

Câu 5. The word "they" in paragraph 3 refers to:

A. Online platforms
B. Certificates of completion
C. Students
D. Employers

Câu 6. What is the purpose of paragraph 4?

A. To list popular online platforms
B. To discuss the future outlook of online learning
C. To compare online and traditional education costs
D. To criticize the education system

Câu 7. What role did the COVID-19 pandemic play according to the passage?

A. It caused online learning platforms to shut down
B. It slowed the development of online education
C. It accelerated the adoption of online and hybrid learning models
D. It made traditional universities more popular

Câu 8. According to the passage, how is AI expected to affect online learning?

A. It will replace human teachers entirely
B. It will enable more personalized learning experiences
C. It will make courses more expensive
D. It will reduce course quality

Câu 9. The author's attitude toward online learning can best be described as:

A. Completely negative
B. Cautiously optimistic
C. Entirely uncritical
D. Strongly critical

Câu 10. What can be inferred about the future of online learning from the passage?

A. It will disappear within a few years
B. It will likely become a significant part of education globally
C. It will only be available in developed countries
D. It will remain a niche product for tech enthusiasts

PASSAGE 2 (Câu 11–20)

Artificial intelligence is rapidly reshaping education, offering tools that can personalize learning, automate administrative tasks, and provide insights that were previously impossible to obtain. From intelligent tutoring systems that adapt to each student's learning pace to AI-powered grading tools that can evaluate essays in seconds, the technology is creating new possibilities for both teachers and students. In 2023, the global AI in education market was valued at approximately $4 billion, and analysts project it will continue to grow at double-digit rates over the next decade.

One of the most promising applications of AI in education is personalized learning. Traditional classrooms often follow a one-size-fits-all approach, but AI can analyze a student's performance in real time and adjust the difficulty of materials accordingly. For example, if a student is struggling with fractions, an AI tutor might provide additional practice problems with simpler numbers before progressing to more complex ones. This adaptive approach has been shown to improve learning outcomes, particularly for students who fall behind in traditional settings.

AI is also transforming how teachers work. Automated grading systems can evaluate multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank responses, and even short essays with reasonable accuracy. This frees teachers from hours of repetitive work, allowing them to focus on lesson planning, individualized student support, and professional development. Some schools have reported that AI grading tools reduce teacher workload by up to 30 percent, a significant saving in time and energy.

However, the integration of AI in education is not without controversy. Critics argue that AI systems can perpetuate biases present in their training data, potentially disadvantaging students from certain backgrounds. There are also concerns about data privacy, as AI tools often collect detailed information about student performance and behavior. Furthermore, some educators worry that over-reliance on AI could undermine the development of critical thinking and creativity in students. As AI becomes more prevalent in classrooms, finding the right balance between technological assistance and human judgment will be one of the key challenges facing education in the coming years.

Câu 11. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?

A. AI is too expensive for schools
B. AI is being applied in various ways to transform education
C. AI will replace teachers soon
D. Only wealthy countries use AI in education

Câu 12. According to the passage, what was the value of the AI in education market in 2023?

A. $1 billion
B. $4 billion
C. $10 billion
D. $40 billion

Câu 13. The word "promising" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:

A. Risky
B. Encouraging
C. Expensive
D. Disappointing

Câu 14. How does the AI tutor in paragraph 2 help struggling students?

A. It gives up on them
B. It adjusts the difficulty of materials and provides simpler examples first
C. It transfers them to special education classes
D. It increases homework to force improvement

Câu 15. What is mentioned as a benefit of automated grading for teachers?

A. It eliminates the need for teachers
B. It reduces repetitive work, freeing time for lesson planning and student support
C. It increases teachers' salaries
D. It provides students with instant feedback only

Câu 16. The word "This" in paragraph 3 refers to:

A. Automated grading systems
B. A 30 percent workload reduction
C. Critical thinking skills
D. Lesson planning

Câu 17. According to the passage, what is a major criticism of AI in education?

A. It is too slow to use
B. It can perpetuate biases in training data
C. It only works in mathematics
D. It is not approved by the government

Câu 18. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?

A. To advertise a specific AI education product
B. To provide a balanced overview of AI's impact on education
C. To argue against the use of AI in schools
D. To predict when AI will fully replace teachers

Câu 19. The word "controversy" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:

A. Agreement
B. Disagreement
C. Boredom
D. Enthusiasm

Câu 20. According to the passage, what will be a key challenge for education in the coming years?

A. Reducing the cost of AI tools
B. Finding the right balance between AI and human judgment
C. Eliminating traditional textbooks
D. Increasing the number of AI tutors

PASSAGE 3 (Câu 21–30)

Virtual reality (VR) technology is increasingly being adopted in educational settings, offering students immersive learning experiences that were previously impossible or prohibitively expensive. With a VR headset, students can take a virtual tour of ancient Rome, explore the inside of a human heart, or witness historical events as if they were actually there. This technology is particularly valuable for subjects where visualization and spatial understanding are critical, such as history, geography, biology, and engineering.

Research on the effectiveness of VR in education has shown promising results. A 2022 meta-analysis of 69 studies found that students who learned through VR outperformed their peers in traditional classrooms by an average of 11 percent on tests of factual knowledge. The immersive nature of VR appears to enhance memory retention by engaging multiple senses and creating stronger emotional connections to the material. Additionally, VR allows students to practice skills in a safe environment—for example, medical students can perform virtual surgeries before working on real patients, and engineering students can test designs without the cost of physical prototypes.

Despite these benefits, the widespread adoption of VR in classrooms faces significant barriers. The cost of VR headsets and compatible computers remains high, particularly for schools in low-income areas. A quality VR setup can cost between $300 and $1,500 per student, putting it out of reach for many public schools. There are also concerns about the physical effects of extended VR use, including eye strain, headaches, and motion sickness, especially in younger children whose visual systems are still developing.

Another challenge is the development of high-quality educational content. While there are now thousands of VR applications available, many are designed primarily for entertainment and lack the pedagogical rigor needed for classroom use. Creating effective educational VR experiences requires collaboration between subject matter experts, instructional designers, and software developers—a combination that is rare and expensive. As VR technology continues to improve and prices decline, however, many educators believe it will eventually become a standard tool in classrooms, supplementing traditional textbooks and lectures with immersive, interactive experiences that bring learning to life.

Câu 21. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. VR is just a gaming technology with no real educational value
B. VR offers immersive educational experiences but faces adoption challenges
C. VR will replace all traditional teaching methods within five years
D. Only science subjects benefit from VR

Câu 22. According to paragraph 2, what did the 2022 meta-analysis find?

A. VR students performed worse on tests
B. VR students performed 11 percent better on factual knowledge tests
C. VR had no measurable impact on learning
D. VR was harmful to student performance

Câu 23. The word "immersive" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:

A. Boring
B. Engaging and surrounding
C. Expensive
D. Distant

Câu 24. How does VR benefit medical students according to the passage?

A. They can avoid studying anatomy
B. They can practice virtual surgeries before working on real patients
C. They graduate faster
D. They do not need to attend lectures

Câu 25. What is a major barrier to VR adoption in schools mentioned in paragraph 3?

A. Lack of interest from teachers
B. High cost of VR equipment, especially for low-income schools
C. Banned by education ministries
D. No suitable subjects to teach

Câu 26. The word "it" in paragraph 3 refers to:

A. A medical procedure
B. A quality VR setup
C. A public school
D. A visual system

Câu 27. According to paragraph 3, what physical effects of extended VR use are mentioned?

A. Improved eyesight
B. Weight loss
C. Eye strain, headaches, and motion sickness
D. Better sleep quality

Câu 28. What does paragraph 4 say is needed to create effective educational VR?

A. Larger classrooms
B. Collaboration between subject experts, instructional designers, and software developers
C. Government funding only
D. Faster internet connections

Câu 29. What is the author's tone in this passage?

A. Highly critical of VR
B. Enthusiastic and uncritical
C. Informative and balanced
D. Sarcastic

Câu 30. What prediction does the author make about VR in education?

A. VR will disappear within a decade
B. VR will become a standard supplementary tool as prices decline
C. VR will be limited to universities only
D. VR will only be used in private schools

PASSAGE 4 (Câu 31–40)

The term "digital divide" refers to the gap between those who have ready access to digital technology and those who do not. While the divide has narrowed in many parts of the world over the past two decades, it remains a significant barrier to educational equity. During the COVID-19 pandemic, when schools worldwide shifted to remote learning, the digital divide became suddenly and dramatically visible. Students in low-income families, rural areas, and developing countries found themselves unable to participate in online classes due to lack of devices, reliable internet connections, or both.

The consequences of the digital divide extend far beyond the immediate disruption of pandemic-era schooling. Studies have shown that students without consistent access to technology fall behind their peers academically, a gap that tends to widen over time rather than close. A 2021 report by the United Nations estimated that 463 million children globally lacked internet access at the height of the pandemic, with the most severe impacts in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and parts of Latin America. The economic cost of this learning loss is projected to reach $17 trillion in lost lifetime earnings for the affected students.

Closing the digital divide requires a multi-faceted approach. Infrastructure investment is essential: governments and private companies must work together to expand broadband internet to underserved areas, including remote rural communities and urban low-income neighborhoods. Device accessibility is equally important—initiatives such as providing laptops or tablets to students, establishing community computer labs, and creating public Wi-Fi hotspots have shown positive results in various countries. The One Laptop per Child program, although it faced numerous challenges, demonstrated the potential of large-scale device distribution to transform educational access in developing regions.

However, technology alone is not enough. Digital literacy—the skills needed to use technology effectively—must be taught alongside device distribution. Many students who receive devices lack the training to use them productively for learning. Additionally, content must be available in local languages and culturally relevant to learners. A final critical factor is teacher training: educators must be equipped not only to use digital tools but also to integrate them meaningfully into their pedagogy. Without addressing these human and curricular dimensions, simply providing devices and internet access risks creating a different kind of divide—one between those who can use technology effectively and those who cannot, even if they have physical access to it.

Câu 31. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The digital divide is a problem that primarily affects wealthy countries
B. The digital divide is a complex educational issue with significant consequences and no simple solutions
C. Digital technology has solved educational inequality
D. Only developing countries face the digital divide

Câu 32. According to paragraph 1, what made the digital divide suddenly visible?

A. A new technology was released
B. The COVID-19 pandemic and shift to remote learning
C. A report by the United Nations
D. Increased use of social media

Câu 33. The word "equity" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:

A. Profit
B. Fairness
C. Speed
D. Quantity

Câu 34. How many children globally lacked internet access at the height of the pandemic, according to a 2021 UN report?

A. 46 million
B. 463 million
C. 4.6 billion
D. 17 trillion

Câu 35. What is the projected economic cost of pandemic learning loss in lost lifetime earnings?

A. $4 billion
B. $17 trillion
C. $463 million
D. $1 billion

Câu 36. The word "underserved" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:

A. Overpopulated
B. Lacking adequate services
C. Newly developed
D. Highly educated

Câu 37. According to the passage, what is the One Laptop per Child program mentioned as an example of?

A. A failed government initiative
B. The potential of large-scale device distribution to improve educational access
C. A private company's marketing campaign
D. A university research project

Câu 38. According to paragraph 4, why is simply providing devices insufficient?

A. Devices break too easily
B. Users may lack digital literacy skills to use them productively
C. Devices are too expensive to maintain
D. The internet is always too slow

Câu 39. What is the author's view on closing the digital divide?

A. It is impossible to achieve
B. It requires a single coordinated solution
C. It requires a multi-faceted approach including infrastructure, training, and content
D. It is already nearly solved

Câu 40. The word "dimensions" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:

A. Geometric measurements
B. Aspects or components
C. Historical periods
D. Physical sizes

#44 B1-B2

Đáp án Đề 11 — Reading

Đáp án Đề thi thử VSTEP Reading số 11 + Giải thích chi tiết

Hướng dẫn: Đáp án được highlight bằng chữ đậm. Phần giải thích phân tích kỹ thuật suy luận và từ vựng.

CâuĐáp ánGiải thích
1BÝ chính: nền tảng học trực tuyến làm giáo dục dễ tiếp cận hơn nhưng có thách thức.
2BLợi ích: linh hoạt học theo tốc độ của mình.
3B"Democratization" = phổ cập, phổ biến hóa → popularization.
4BThách thức: thiếu tương tác trực tiếp và vấn đề tự động lực.
5C"They" chỉ sinh viên gặp khó khăn với động lực tự thân.
6BĐoạn 4 thảo luận triển vọng tương lai của học trực tuyến.
7CĐại dịch COVID-19 đẩy nhanh việc áp dụng mô hình học trực tuyến và kết hợp.
8BAI được kỳ vọng cho phép trải nghiệm học tập cá nhân hóa hơn.
9BTác giả thể hiện thái độ thận trọng lạc quan — cautiously optimistic.
10BCó thể suy ra: học trực tuyến sẽ trở thành phần quan trọng của giáo dục toàn cầu.
11BÝ chính đoạn 1: AI đang được áp dụng theo nhiều cách để chuyển đổi giáo dục.
12BGiá trị thị trường AI trong giáo dục năm 2023: khoảng 4 tỷ USD.
13B"Promising" = đầy hứa hẹn → encouraging.
14BGia sư AI điều chỉnh độ khó và cung cấp ví dụ đơn giản hơn trước.
15BLợi ích: giảm công việc lặp lại, dành thời gian cho kế hoạch bài học và hỗ trợ sinh viên.
16A"This" chỉ hệ thống chấm điểm tự động.
17BChỉ trích chính: AI có thể duy trì thiên kiến trong dữ liệu huấn luyện.
18BMục đích tác giả: cung cấp tổng quan cân bằng về tác động của AI trong giáo dục.
19B"Controversy" = tranh cãi, bất đồng quan điểm → disagreement.
20BThách thức chính: tìm sự cân bằng giữa AI và phán đoán con người.
21BÝ chính: VR mang đến trải nghiệm giáo dục sống động nhưng có thách thức trong việc áp dụng.
22BPhát hiện: học sinh VR làm bài kiểm tra kiến thức thực tế tốt hơn 11%.
23B"Immersive" = hấp dẫn và bao trùm → engaging and surrounding.
24BLợi ích: sinh viên y khoa có thể thực hành phẫu thuật ảo trước khi làm việc với bệnh nhân thật.
25BRào cản lớn: chi phí thiết bị VR cao, đặc biệt với trường học thu nhập thấp.
26B"It" chỉ một bộ thiết bị VR chất lượng.
27CTác động vật lý: mỏi mắt, đau đầu, và buồn nôn.
28BCần: sự hợp tác giữa chuyên gia môn học, nhà thiết kế giáo trình và lập trình viên.
29CTông giọng: cung cấp thông tin và cân bằng — informative and balanced.
30BDự đoán: VR sẽ trở thành công cụ bổ sung tiêu chuẩn khi giá giảm.
31BÝ chính: khoảng cách số là vấn đề giáo dục phức tạp với hậu quả đáng kể và không có giải pháp đơn giản.
32BĐại dịch COVID-19 và sự chuyển đổi sang học từ xa làm lộ rõ khoảng cách số.
33B"Equity" = công bằng → fairness.
34BSố liệu: 463 triệu trẻ em thiếu truy cập internet vào đỉnh điểm đại dịch.
35BChi phí kinh tế ước tính: 17 nghìn tỷ USD thu nhập trọn đời bị mất.
36B"Underserved" = chưa được phục vụ đầy đủ → lacking adequate services.
37BChương trình One Laptop per Child: tiềm năng phân phối thiết bị quy mô lớn để cải thiện tiếp cận giáo dục.
38BLý do: người dùng có thể thiếu kỹ năng số để sử dụng thiết bị hiệu quả cho việc học.
39CQuan điểm tác giả: cần cách tiếp cận đa chiều bao gồm cơ sở hạ tầng, đào tạo, và nội dung.
40B"Dimensions" = khía cạnh hoặc thành phần → aspects or components.

Phân tích dạng câu hỏi

Mỗi bài đọc gồm 10 câu hỏi thuộc 6 dạng:

  • Main Idea (1 câu): Ý chính đoạn văn
  • Detail/Fact (3-4 câu): Chi tiết trong bài
  • Vocabulary-in-Context (1-2 câu): Đoán nghĩa từ qua ngữ cảnh
  • Inference (1-2 câu): Suy luận từ thông tin ngầm
  • Reference (1 câu): Đại từ chỉ về đâu
  • Author's Purpose (1 câu): Mục đích tác giả

Tính điểm Reading

Điểm = (Số câu đúng / 40) × 10. Làm tròn 0.5.

Số câu đúngĐiểm quy đổiBậc VSTEP
12–203.0–4.5Bậc 2 (A2)
21–285.0–6.0Bậc 3 (B1)
29–346.5–8.0Bậc 4 (B2)
35–408.5–10.0Bậc 5 (C1)
#45 B1-B2

Đề thi thử số 12 — Listening 35 câu

Đề thi thử VSTEP Listening số 12

Thời gian: 40 phút | Tổng số câu: 35 câu trắc nghiệm

Hướng dẫn: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu hỏi. Bạn chỉ được nghe MỘT lần.

PART 1 — Short Announcements (Câu 1–8)

Nghe 8 đoạn thông báo ngắn. Mỗi đoạn có 1 câu hỏi.

Đoạn 1: [Context: Thông báo tại phòng khám tâm lý trường đại học]

Câu 1. What service is being announced?

A. A new online therapy booking system is now available
B. Free mental health counseling sessions are offered to all students this month
C. The clinic will close for renovation next week
D. Group therapy sessions have been permanently canceled

Đoạn 2: [Context: Thông báo trên hệ thống wellness của công ty]

Câu 2. What does the announcement encourage employees to do?

A. Work overtime to meet quarterly targets
B. Take short mental health breaks during the workday using a new app
C. Attend a mandatory stress management workshop
D. Submit anonymous feedback about workplace conditions

Đoạn 3: [Context: Thông báo từ hiệu trưởng trường trung học]

Câu 3. What change is being introduced at the school?

A. A new mental health day off each month for students
B. Earlier start times for all classes
C. A revised physical education curriculum
D. Strict new rules about phone use in class

Đoạn 4: [Context: Thông báo tại hội thảo về giấc ngủ]

Câu 4. What is the main message of the announcement?

A. A new sleep research center is opening on campus
B. Free sleep assessment appointments are available this week
C. A popular sleep medication is being recalled
D. The library will extend its 24-hour study hours

Đoạn 5: [Context: Thông báo từ bệnh viện về dịch vụ mới]

Câu 5. What new service is the hospital offering?

A. A 24-hour mental health hotline staffed by professionals
B. Free fitness classes for patients
C. Discounted medication for chronic conditions
D. A new pediatric wing opening next month

Đoạn 6: [Context: Thông báo tại trung tâm cộng đồng]

Câu 6. What program is being launched?

A. A weekly meditation and mindfulness program for local residents
B. A new after-school tutoring program for children
C. Free yoga classes for seniors
D. A community garden project

Đoạn 7: [Context: Thông báo từ hãng hàng không về hành khách]

Câu 7. What does the announcement ask travelers to do?

A. Arrive at the airport two hours earlier than usual
B. Use a new relaxation app during flights to reduce anxiety
C. Avoid bringing liquids in carry-on luggage
D. Sign up for the airline's loyalty program

Đoạn 8: [Context: Thông báo từ ứng dụng sức khỏe trên điện thoại]

Câu 8. What does the app notification remind users to do?

A. Update to the latest version
B. Take a short breathing exercise to reduce stress
C. Track their daily water intake
D. Schedule a yearly physical exam

PART 2 — Conversations (Câu 9–20)

Nghe 3 đoạn hội thoại. Mỗi đoạn có 4 câu hỏi.

Conversation 1 (Câu 9–12): [Hai đồng nghiệp thảo luận về áp lực công việc]

Câu 9. What is the woman concerned about?

A. Her upcoming performance review
B. A colleague's noticeable stress and recent health issues
C. A deadline that was moved up unexpectedly
D. Her pending promotion decision

Câu 10. What symptoms does the man mention his colleague has been showing?

A. Persistent headaches and missed deadlines
B. Frequent absences and difficulty concentrating
C. Argumentative behavior with teammates
D. Excessive perfectionism in work

Câu 11. What does the woman suggest doing?

A. Recommending the colleague for a different position
B. Having a private conversation to express concern and offer support
C. Reporting the issue to human resources
D. Giving the colleague more work to keep them busy

Câu 12. What does the man agree to do?

A. Talk to the manager about the workload
B. Suggest the colleague take a vacation immediately
C. Help cover some of the colleague's tasks temporarily
D. Seek advice from the company therapist

Conversation 2 (Câu 13–16): [Bệnh nhân và bác sĩ tâm lý trong buổi tư vấn đầu tiên]

Câu 13. What brings the patient to therapy?

A. A recent traumatic event at work
B. Persistent anxiety and sleep problems over the past three months
C. A family conflict that has not been resolved
D. A fear of public speaking at an upcoming event

Câu 14. What does the therapist suggest as a first step?

A. Starting medication immediately
B. Keeping a daily journal of thoughts and feelings
C. Cutting off all contact with stressful people
D. Exercising more to release tension

Câu 15. How does the patient react to the suggestion?

A. They are skeptical and prefer medication
B. They agree to try it for two weeks
C. They worry it will take too much time
D. They ask for a different therapist

Câu 16. What is the agreed follow-up plan?

A. Weekly sessions for at least one month
B. Daily phone check-ins with the therapist
C. A second opinion from another specialist
D. Immediate hospitalization

Conversation 3 (Câu 17–20): [Hai sinh viên thảo luận về quản lý stress trong kỳ thi]

Câu 17. What is the woman doing to handle exam stress?

A. Drinking a lot of coffee to stay awake
B. Practicing meditation and following a strict study schedule
C. Skipping meals to save time for studying
D. Asking friends to take notes for her

Câu 18. What does the man think about her approach?

A. It sounds boring and time-consuming
B. He is impressed and wants to try similar techniques
C. He believes it is only for people with serious problems
D. He worries it will affect her social life

Câu 19. What problem does the man admit to having?

A. He has been sleeping too much
B. He pulls all-nighters and feels exhausted
C. He cannot focus on any single subject
D. He has lost interest in his studies entirely

Câu 20. What does the woman suggest he try?

A. Quitting one of his courses
B. Using a study timer with regular breaks (Pomodoro technique)
C. Asking for an extension on all assignments
D. Switching to a different major

PART 3 — Lectures (Câu 21–35)

Nghe 3 bài giảng. Mỗi bài có 5 câu hỏi.

Lecture 1 (Câu 21–25): [Bài giảng về tầm quan trọng của sức khỏe tâm thần tại nơi làm việc]

Câu 21. How much do mental health issues cost the global economy annually, according to the speaker?

A. About $100 billion
B. Around $1 trillion
C. Approximately $500 billion
D. Over $10 trillion

Câu 22. What percentage of employees report experiencing workplace stress?

A. Less than 10 percent
B. About 25 percent
C. More than 50 percent
D. Almost 100 percent

Câu 23. What is one effect of untreated mental health issues in the workplace?

A. Higher productivity overall
B. Increased absenteeism and reduced productivity
C. Better teamwork among staff
D. Lower turnover rates

Câu 24. What does the speaker say about companies that invest in mental health programs?

A. They usually see a return on investment
B. They typically lose money in the short term
C. They attract fewer job applicants
D. They face legal challenges from employees

Câu 25. What specific program does the speaker recommend?

A. Mandatory weekly therapy for all employees
B. Employee Assistance Programs offering confidential counseling
C. Free gym memberships for all staff
D. Longer vacation days as the only solution

Lecture 2 (Câu 26–30): [Bài giảng về mối liên hệ giữa giấc ngủ và sức khỏe tâm thần]

Câu 26. How many hours of sleep do adults typically need according to the speaker?

A. Five to six hours
B. Six to seven hours
C. Seven to nine hours
D. Ten to twelve hours

Câu 27. What happens in the brain during deep sleep?

A. The brain stops working completely
B. Memories are consolidated and emotional memories are processed
C. The brain generates new neurons only
D. The body temperature increases significantly

Câu 28. What is one consequence of chronic sleep deprivation?

A. Improved immune function
B. Increased risk of depression and anxiety disorders
C. Better concentration and focus
D. Higher energy levels throughout the day

Câu 29. According to the speaker, how does poor sleep affect decision-making?

A. It improves emotional control
B. It reduces the ability to assess risks accurately
C. It enhances creative problem-solving
D. It has no measurable effect

Câu 30. What practical advice does the speaker offer for better sleep?

A. Drink coffee right before bed
B. Maintain a consistent sleep schedule, even on weekends
C. Exercise vigorously late at night
D. Use electronic devices in bed to relax

Lecture 3 (Câu 31–35): [Bài giảng về thiền và mindfulness trong y học hiện đại]

Câu 31. How long has mindfulness practice been used in medicine, according to the speaker?

A. Only in the last decade
B. For about 50 years
C. For thousands of years in various traditions
D. Since the invention of modern psychology

Câu 32. What is Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)?

A. A type of medication
B. A structured program that uses mindfulness to address stress and illness
C. A surgical technique
D. A new form of physical therapy

Câu 33. What physical health conditions does the speaker say mindfulness can help with?

A. Only minor headaches
B. Chronic pain, high blood pressure, and immune function issues
C. Broken bones and muscle tears
D. Vision and hearing problems

Câu 34. How does mindfulness affect the brain according to neuroscience research?

A. It shrinks the brain over time
B. It changes brain regions associated with attention and emotional regulation
C. It has no measurable effect on the brain
D. It only affects sleep patterns

Câu 35. What is one challenge in integrating mindfulness into healthcare?

A. It is too expensive to teach
B. Many healthcare providers are not trained in or familiar with the practice
C. Patients refuse to try it
D. It requires expensive equipment

#46 B1-B2

Đáp án Đề 12 — Listening

Đáp án Đề thi thử VSTEP Listening số 12 + Giải thích chi tiết

Hướng dẫn: Đáp án được highlight bằng chữ đậm. Đọc kỹ phần giải thích để hiểu logic đáp án.

CâuĐáp ánGiải thích
1BPhòng khám thông báo các buổi tư vấn sức khỏe tâm thần miễn phí cho sinh viên tháng này.
2BKhuyến khích nhân viên nghỉ ngắn về sức khỏe tâm thần qua ứng dụng mới.
3AMỗi tháng có một ngày nghỉ sức khỏe tâm thần cho học sinh.
4BCó các buổi đánh giá giấc ngủ miễn phí trong tuần này.
5ABệnh viện cung cấp đường dây nóng sức khỏe tâm thần 24/7.
6AChương trình thiền và mindfulness hàng tuần cho cư dân địa phương.
7BDùng ứng dụng thư giãn mới trong chuyến bay để giảm lo âu.
8BỨng dụng nhắc người dùng tập thở ngắn để giảm stress.
9BĐồng nghiệp thể hiện stress rõ rệt và các vấn đề sức khỏe gần đây.
10BTriệu chứng: vắng mặt thường xuyên và khó tập trung.
11BGợi ý trò chuyện riêng để quan tâm và hỗ trợ.
12CĐồng ý giúp đỡ tạm thời một số công việc của đồng nghiệp.
13BLo lắng kéo dài và vấn đề giấc ngủ trong 3 tháng qua.
14BBác sĩ gợi ý viết nhật ký hàng ngày về suy nghĩ và cảm xúc.
15BBệnh nhân đồng ý thử trong hai tuần.
16AKế hoạch: buổi hàng tuần trong ít nhất một tháng.
17BCô ấy thiền định và theo lịch học nghiêm ngặt.
18BAnh ấy thức khuya và cảm thấy kiệt sức.
19BCô ấy gợi ý kỹ thuật Pomodoro — đồng hồ học với nghỉ giải lao đều đặn.
20CNgười lớn cần 7-9 giờ ngủ.
21BTrong giấc ngủ sâu: ký ức được củng cố và xử lý cảm xúc.
22BHậu quả: tăng nguy cơ trầm cảm và rối loạn lo âu.
23BGiấc ngủ kém làm giảm khả năng đánh giá rủi ro chính xác.
24BLời khuyên: duy trì lịch ngủ đều đặn, kể cả cuối tuần.
25CMindfulness đã được sử dụng hàng nghìn năm trong nhiều truyền thống.
26BMBSR là chương trình có cấu trúc dùng mindfulness để giải quyết stress và bệnh tật.
27BGiúp: đau mạn tính, huyết áp cao, vấn đề chức năng miễn dịch.
28BThay đổi vùng não liên quan đến sự chú ý và điều chỉnh cảm xúc.
29BThách thức: nhiều nhà cung cấp dịch vụ y tế chưa được đào tạo về mindfulness.
30BChi phí: khoảng 1 nghìn tỷ USD mỗi năm cho nền kinh tế toàn cầu.
31CHơn 50% nhân viên báo cáo bị stress tại nơi làm việc.
32BTác động: tăng vắng mặt và giảm năng suất.
33ACác công ty đầu tư vào sức khỏe tâm thần thường thấy lợi nhuận đầu tư.
34BChương trình cụ thể: EAP cung cấp tư vấn bảo mật.
35BNgười lớn cần 7-9 giờ ngủ (tương tự câu 20).
36BGiấc ngủ sâu: ký ức được củng cố (tương tự câu 21).

Mẹo làm bài Listening VSTEP

  • Đọc câu hỏi trước khi nghe: Dùng thời gian hướng dẫn (10-15 giây) để đọc trước câu hỏi Part 1, đoán chủ đề
  • Ghi chú nhanh keywords: Đặc biệt với tên riêng, số, địa điểm trong Part 2-3
  • Loại trừ đáp án sai: Dùng process of elimination khi không chắc chắn
  • Đừng hoảng nếu miss 1 câu: Tập trung câu tiếp theo, không pause lại

Tính điểm Listening

Điểm = (Số câu đúng / 35) × 10. Làm tròn 0.5.

Số câu đúngĐiểm quy đổiBậc VSTEP
10–173.0–4.5Bậc 2 (A2)
18–245.0–6.0Bậc 3 (B1)
25–306.5–8.0Bậc 4 (B2)
31–358.5–10.0Bậc 5 (C1)
#47 B1-B2

Đề thi thử số 12 — Reading 40 câu (có bài đọc)

Đề thi thử VSTEP Reading số 12

Thời gian: 60 phút | Tổng số câu: 40 câu trắc nghiệm

Hướng dẫn: Đọc kỹ các đoạn văn và chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu hỏi.

PASSAGE 1 (Câu 1–10)

Mental health challenges among young people have reached alarming levels worldwide, prompting concern from educators, healthcare professionals, and policymakers. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 14 percent of adolescents aged 10 to 19 worldwide experience a mental health disorder, with anxiety and depression being the most common. In some countries, the rates are even higher—recent surveys in the United States and United Kingdom have found that more than a third of teenagers report persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness.

Several factors contribute to this growing crisis. The rise of social media has been widely cited as a significant influence, with studies linking heavy social media use to increased rates of anxiety, depression, and body image concerns among young people. The constant comparison to curated online personas, cyberbullying, and the addictive nature of social platforms are believed to undermine mental well-being. Additionally, academic pressure has intensified in many countries, with students facing rigorous curricula, high-stakes testing, and competition for limited spots in prestigious universities.

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically worsened the situation. Lockdowns, school closures, and social isolation disrupted the daily routines and support systems that young people rely on. A 2022 study published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics found that anxiety and depression rates among adolescents had doubled during the pandemic, with symptoms persisting long after lockdowns ended. Many young people who had previously managed their mental health successfully found themselves struggling as the world reopened.

In response to this crisis, schools, governments, and nonprofits are expanding mental health services for young people. Many schools are hiring additional counselors, integrating social-emotional learning into curricula, and training teachers to recognize warning signs. Crisis hotlines and text-based support services have proliferated, recognizing that young people are more likely to seek help through digital channels. While these efforts are promising, mental health professionals emphasize that addressing the crisis will require systemic change—including reduced academic pressure, safer online environments, and broader cultural shifts in how society views and discusses mental health.

Câu 1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Mental illness only affects adults
B. Young people are facing a serious mental health crisis driven by multiple factors
C. Social media is the only cause of youth mental health issues
D. The pandemic solved many mental health problems

Câu 2. According to the WHO, what percentage of adolescents aged 10 to 19 experience a mental health disorder?

A. About 5 percent
B. Approximately 14 percent
C. Around 30 percent
D. Over 50 percent

Câu 3. The word "curated" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:

A. Random
B. Carefully selected and edited
C. Unprofessional
D. Anonymous

Câu 4. What did the 2022 JAMA Pediatrics study find?

A. Mental health improved during the pandemic
B. Anxiety and depression rates among adolescents had doubled
C. Only adults were affected by the pandemic
D. Schools successfully prevented mental health issues

Câu 5. The word "persistent" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:

A. Brief
B. Ongoing and continuous
C. Pleasant
D. Imaginary

Câu 6. According to paragraph 4, what is one way schools are responding to the crisis?

A. Reducing all academic standards
B. Hiring additional counselors and integrating social-emotional learning
C. Eliminating all standardized tests
D. Banning social media platforms

Câu 7. Why have crisis hotlines expanded text-based services?

A. Text is cheaper than phone calls
B. Young people are more likely to seek help through digital channels
C. Phone calls are unreliable
D. Government regulations require it

Câu 8. What does the author suggest is needed beyond individual interventions?

A. More medication for young people
B. Systemic change including reduced academic pressure and safer online environments
C. Longer school days
D. Stricter parenting laws

Câu 9. The word "proliferated" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:

A. Disappeared
B. Spread rapidly
C. Become expensive
D. Failed to grow

Câu 10. What is the author's overall tone in this passage?

A. Dismissive of the issue
B. Alarmed but constructive
C. Humorous
D. Sarcastic

PASSAGE 2 (Câu 11–20)

Workplace stress has become a defining feature of modern employment, with significant consequences for both individual well-being and organizational performance. The American Psychological Association reports that nearly two-thirds of workers cite work as a significant source of stress, and stress-related absences cost U.S. employers an estimated $300 billion annually in lost productivity, healthcare costs, and turnover. The World Health Organization now officially recognizes burnout—a state of chronic physical and emotional exhaustion—as an occupational phenomenon, highlighting its growing impact on global health.

Burnout typically develops gradually and is characterized by three main dimensions. The first is emotional exhaustion, in which workers feel drained and unable to give of themselves at work. The second is cynicism or detachment from one's job, often manifesting as a loss of idealism and increased negativity about work tasks. The third is a sense of reduced personal accomplishment, where individuals feel their work no longer matters or makes a difference. Together, these symptoms can severely impair job performance, relationships with colleagues, and overall life satisfaction.

Several workplace factors contribute to burnout. Excessive workload is the most commonly cited cause, with many employees expected to handle responsibilities that would have been distributed among multiple people in previous decades. Lack of control over one's work—being unable to make decisions about how tasks are completed—is another significant factor. Insufficient recognition, poor management, unclear job expectations, and an unhealthy work-life balance also play major roles. In the era of constant connectivity, the blurring of boundaries between work and personal time has intensified these pressures.

Addressing burnout requires action at multiple levels. On an individual level, strategies such as setting clear boundaries, taking regular breaks, exercising, and seeking social support can help. However, experts emphasize that individual solutions are insufficient without organizational change. Effective interventions include reasonable workload limits, flexible work arrangements, opportunities for professional growth, and management training to foster supportive leadership. Some forward-thinking companies have introduced mandatory vacation policies, "right to disconnect" rules, and four-day workweeks, with research showing that such measures often improve rather than harm productivity. The shift toward recognizing burnout as a serious health issue represents an important step in creating healthier, more sustainable work environments.

Câu 11. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?

A. Only certain industries have workplace stress
B. Workplace stress is widespread and has significant economic and health consequences
C. Workers enjoy their jobs despite stress
D. Burnout is not a real condition

Câu 12. How much do stress-related absences cost U.S. employers annually, according to the APA?

A. $30 billion
B. $300 billion
C. $3 trillion
D. $1 million

Câu 13. According to the passage, what are the three main dimensions of burnout?

A. Hunger, fatigue, and boredom
B. Emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced accomplishment
C. Anger, sadness, and fear
D. Loneliness, happiness, and productivity

Câu 14. The word "drained" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:

A. Energized
B. Exhausted
C. Curious
D. Enthusiastic

Câu 15. According to paragraph 3, what is the most commonly cited cause of burnout?

A. Too much vacation time
B. Excessive workload
C. Insufficient technology
D. Lack of physical exercise

Câu 16. The word "blurring" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:

A. Clarifying
B. Making less distinct
C. Sharpening
D. Dividing clearly

Câu 17. According to the passage, what is one individual-level strategy to address burnout?

A. Working longer hours
B. Setting clear boundaries between work and personal time
C. Avoiding all social contact
D. Refusing to take breaks

Câu 18. What is the author's view on individual solutions to burnout?

A. They are sufficient on their own
B. They are helpful but insufficient without organizational change
C. They make burnout worse
D. They are unnecessary

Câu 19. The word "interventions" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:

A. Problems
B. Actions taken to address an issue
C. Mistakes
D. Avoidance strategies

Câu 20. According to the passage, what do forward-thinking companies introduce to combat burnout?

A. Strict monitoring of employees
B. Mandatory vacation, right-to-disconnect rules, and four-day workweeks
C. Elimination of all breaks
D. Unlimited overtime without compensation

PASSAGE 3 (Câu 21–30)

Sleep is one of the most important yet least understood aspects of human health. While most people recognize that a good night's rest is essential, the biological mechanisms underlying sleep and its effects on the body and mind are complex and continue to be studied intensively. The average adult spends roughly one-third of their life sleeping, and the quality of this sleep has profound implications for nearly every aspect of physical and mental health.

Sleep occurs in several distinct stages that cycle throughout the night. Stage 1 is light sleep, during which the body begins to relax but can be easily awakened. Stage 2 is characterized by slower brain waves and a drop in body temperature, accounting for the largest portion of total sleep time. Stages 3 and 4, known as deep sleep or slow-wave sleep, are when the body performs much of its physical repair work, including tissue growth and immune system strengthening. REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, which occurs periodically throughout the night, is when most dreaming happens and is associated with memory consolidation and emotional processing.

The consequences of insufficient sleep are far-reaching. In the short term, sleep deprivation impairs cognitive function, reducing attention, decision-making ability, and reaction time—which is why drowsy driving is responsible for thousands of fatal accidents each year. Chronic sleep deficiency has been linked to serious health problems including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and weakened immune function. Sleep also plays a critical role in mental health; sleep disorders are closely associated with depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions, and improving sleep is often a key component of treatment.

Modern lifestyles pose significant challenges to healthy sleep. The widespread use of smartphones, tablets, and computers before bed exposes users to blue light that suppresses melatonin production, making it harder to fall asleep. Irregular work schedules, particularly shift work, disrupt the body's natural circadian rhythm. Additionally, the cultural normalization of sleep deprivation—treating lack of sleep as a badge of productivity—encourages unhealthy habits. Experts recommend maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, creating a dark and cool sleeping environment, limiting screen time before bed, and avoiding caffeine and alcohol in the hours leading up to sleep as key strategies for improving sleep quality.

Câu 21. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?

A. Sleep is unimportant for health
B. Sleep is essential and has complex biological mechanisms
C. Only children need sleep
D. Adults do not need sleep

Câu 22. According to paragraph 2, which stage of sleep accounts for the largest portion of total sleep time?

A. Stage 1
B. Stage 2
C. Stage 3
D. REM sleep

Câu 23. What happens during REM sleep?

A. The body becomes completely still
B. Most dreaming occurs and memory consolidation happens
C. Physical growth and repair occur
D. Body temperature rises significantly

Câu 24. The word "profound" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:

A. Superficial
B. Deep and significant
C. Temporary
D. Slight

Câu 25. According to paragraph 3, what is one short-term consequence of sleep deprivation?

A. Improved concentration
B. Increased reaction time
C. Impaired cognitive function and reduced attention
D. Enhanced memory

Câu 26. The word "chronic" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:

A. Occasional
B. Persistent and long-lasting
C. Mild
D. Pleasant

Câu 27. What mental health condition is closely associated with sleep disorders according to the passage?

A. Only insomnia
B. Depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions
C. Only physical illnesses
D. Allergies

Câu 28. How does blue light from screens affect sleep?

A. It improves sleep quality
B. It suppresses melatonin production, making it harder to fall asleep
C. It has no effect on sleep
D. It increases melatonin production

Câu 29. The word "normalization" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:

A. Making something seem unusual
B. Accepting something as typical or standard
C. Prohibiting a behavior
D. Celebrating a change

Câu 30. According to the passage, what is one recommendation for improving sleep?

A. Drink coffee right before bed
B. Maintain a consistent sleep schedule and limit screen time
C. Use bright lights in the bedroom
D. Eat heavy meals right before sleeping

PASSAGE 4 (Câu 31–40)

Meditation, once considered a primarily spiritual or religious practice, has become the subject of extensive scientific research over the past few decades. Neuroscientists have used advanced brain imaging technologies such as fMRI and EEG to study what happens in the brain when people meditate, and the findings have been remarkable. Regular meditation has been shown to produce measurable changes in brain structure and function, with potential implications for mental health, cognitive performance, and overall well-being.

One of the most well-documented effects of meditation is on the prefrontal cortex—the region of the brain responsible for executive functions such as decision-making, focus, and self-regulation. Studies have found that experienced meditators have increased gray matter density in this area, suggesting enhanced cognitive control. Additionally, meditation has been shown to reduce activity in the amygdala, the brain's fear center, leading to decreased stress reactivity. A 2016 study found that just eight weeks of mindfulness training reduced amygdala volume and improved participants' responses to stressful situations.

Meditation also appears to affect the brain's default mode network (DMN)—the neural network active when we are not focused on a specific task, often associated with mind-wandering and self-referential thoughts. People who meditate regularly show reduced activity in the DMN, which may explain the increased present-moment awareness reported by practitioners. This shift has been linked to improved attention, reduced rumination on negative thoughts, and greater emotional stability. For individuals with conditions like anxiety and depression—where excessive self-referential thinking plays a key role—meditation may offer significant therapeutic benefits.

Beyond structural changes, meditation has been associated with improved functional connectivity between different brain regions, suggesting that it may help the brain work more efficiently as a whole. While the research is still evolving, the evidence is compelling enough that many mental health professionals now incorporate mindfulness-based interventions into their treatment approaches. Programs such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) have been shown to be effective in preventing relapse in depression and reducing symptoms of anxiety. As scientific understanding of meditation deepens, it is becoming clear that this ancient practice has genuine, measurable benefits for the modern brain.

Câu 31. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Meditation has no scientific basis
B. Scientific research shows that meditation produces real, measurable changes in the brain
C. Meditation is only useful for religious people
D. Brain imaging cannot detect meditation effects

Câu 32. According to the passage, what does the prefrontal cortex do?

A. Controls breathing and heart rate
B. Responsible for executive functions like decision-making and focus
C. Processes visual information
D. Regulates body temperature

Câu 33. The word "extensive" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:

A. Limited
B. Wide-ranging and thorough
C. Casual
D. Recent

Câu 34. What did a 2016 study find regarding mindfulness training?

A. It had no effect on the brain
B. Just eight weeks reduced amygdala volume and improved stress responses
C. It increased anxiety in participants
D. It only helped people over 60

Câu 35. The word "rumination" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:

A. Quick decision-making
B. Repeatedly thinking about something
C. Physical exercise
D. Creative brainstorming

Câu 36. According to the passage, what is the default mode network (DMN) associated with?

A. Focused attention on specific tasks
B. Mind-wandering and self-referential thoughts
C. Physical movement
D. Visual processing

Câu 37. For which conditions might meditation be particularly beneficial, according to the passage?

A. Broken bones
B. Anxiety and depression
C. Vision problems
D. Hearing loss

Câu 38. The word "compelling" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:

A. Boring
B. Convincing and persuasive
C. Unclear
D. Forgettable

Câu 39. What programs does the passage mention as examples of mindfulness-based therapy?

A. CBT and DBT
B. MBSR and MBCT
C. ACT and EMDR
D. Psychoanalysis only

Câu 40. What is the author's overall perspective on meditation research?

A. It is overhyped and unreliable
B. It is promising and provides genuine evidence of benefits
C. It has been completely debunked
D. It is too early to draw any conclusions

#48 B1-B2

Đáp án Đề 12 — Reading

Đáp án Đề thi thử VSTEP Reading số 12 + Giải thích chi tiết

Hướng dẫn: Đáp án được highlight bằng chữ đậm. Phần giải thích phân tích kỹ thuật suy luận và từ vựng.

CâuĐáp ánGiải thích
1BÝ chính: giới trẻ đang đối mặt khủng hoảng sức khỏe tâm thần nghiêm trọng do nhiều yếu tố.
2BTheo WHO: khoảng 14% thanh thiếu niên 10-19 tuổi mắc rối loạn tâm thần.
3B"Curated" = được chọn lọc và biên tập cẩn thận.
4BNghiên cứu JAMA Pediatrics 2022: tỷ lệ lo âu và trầm cảm tăng gấp đôi.
5B"Persistent" = liên tục và kéo dài → ongoing and continuous.
6BPhản ứng: thuê thêm cố vấn và tích hợp học tập cảm xúc xã hội.
7BLý do mở rộng dịch vụ tin nhắn: giới trẻ dễ tìm kiếm trợ giúp qua kênh số hơn.
8BCần: thay đổi hệ thống bao gồm giảm áp lực học tập và môi trường trực tuyến an toàn hơn.
9B"Proliferated" = lan rộng nhanh chóng → spread rapidly.
10BTông giọng: cảnh báo nhưng mang tính xây dựng — alarmed but constructive.
11BÝ chính đoạn 1: stress tại nơi làm việc phổ biến và có hậu quả kinh tế và sức khỏe đáng kể.
12BChi phí: khoảng 300 tỷ USD mỗi năm.
13BBa chiều: kiệt sức cảm xúc, hoài nghi, giảm thành tựu cá nhân.
14B"Drained" = kiệt sức → exhausted.
15BNguyên nhân phổ biến nhất: khối lượng công việc quá tải.
16B"Blurring" = làm mờ ranh giới → making less distinct.
17BChiến lược cá nhân: đặt ranh giới rõ ràng giữa công việc và cuộc sống cá nhân.
18BQuan điểm tác giả: giải pháp cá nhân hữu ích nhưng chưa đủ nếu không có thay đổi tổ chức.
19B"Interventions" = hành động can thiệp → actions taken to address an issue.
20BCác công ty tiến bộ: nghỉ phép bắt buộc, quyền ngắt kết nối, tuần làm việc 4 ngày.
21BÝ chính: giấc ngủ thiết yếu và có cơ chế sinh học phức tạp.
22BGiai đoạn 2 chiếm phần lớn tổng thời gian ngủ.
23BTrong REM: phần lớn giấc mơ xảy ra và củng cố ký ức.
24B"Profound" = sâu sắc và quan trọng → deep and significant.
25CHậu quả ngắn hạn: suy giảm nhận thức và giảm sự chú ý.
26B"Chronic" = dai dẳng và kéo dài → persistent and long-lasting.
27BLiên quan chặt: trầm cảm, lo âu, và các tình trạng tâm thần khác.
28BÁnh sáng xanh ức chế sản xuất melatonin, gây khó ngủ.
29B"Normalization" = chấp nhận cái gì đó là điển hình hoặc tiêu chuẩn.
30BKhuyến nghị: duy trì lịch ngủ đều đặn và hạn chế thời gian dùng màn hình.
31BÝ chính: nghiên cứu khoa học cho thấy thiền tạo ra thay đổi thực sự, có thể đo lường được trong não.
32BVỏ não trước trán: chịu trách nhiệm cho chức năng điều hành như ra quyết định và tập trung.
33B"Extensive" = rộng rãi và kỹ lưỡng → wide-ranging and thorough.
34BNghiên cứu 2016: chỉ 8 tuần làm giảm thể tích hạch hạnh nhân và cải thiện phản ứng stress.
35B"Rumination" = suy nghĩ lặp đi lặp lại về một điều gì đó.
36BDMN liên quan đến: suy nghĩ miên man và tự tham chiếu.
37BHữu ích đặc biệt cho: lo âu và trầm cảm.
38B"Compelling" = thuyết phục và có sức thuyết phục → convincing and persuasive.
39BChương trình: MBSR và MBCT.
40BQuan điểm: đầy hứa hẹn và cung cấp bằng chứng thực sự về lợi ích.

Phân tích dạng câu hỏi

Mỗi bài đọc gồm 10 câu hỏi thuộc 6 dạng:

  • Main Idea (1 câu): Ý chính đoạn văn
  • Detail/Fact (3-4 câu): Chi tiết trong bài
  • Vocabulary-in-Context (1-2 câu): Đoán nghĩa từ qua ngữ cảnh
  • Inference (1-2 câu): Suy luận từ thông tin ngầm
  • Reference (1 câu): Đại từ chỉ về đâu
  • Author's Purpose (1 câu): Mục đích tác giả

Tính điểm Reading

Điểm = (Số câu đúng / 40) × 10. Làm tròn 0.5.

Số câu đúngĐiểm quy đổiBậc VSTEP
12–203.0–4.5Bậc 2 (A2)
21–285.0–6.0Bậc 3 (B1)
29–346.5–8.0Bậc 4 (B2)
35–408.5–10.0Bậc 5 (C1)
#49 B1-B2

Đề thi thử số 13 — Listening 35 câu

Đề thi thử VSTEP Listening số 13

Thời gian: 40 phút | Tổng số câu: 35 câu trắc nghiệm

Hướng dẫn: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu hỏi. Bạn chỉ được nghe MỘT lần.

PART 1 — Short Announcements (Câu 1–8)

Nghe 8 đoạn thông báo ngắn. Mỗi đoạn có 1 câu hỏi.

Đoạn 1: [Context: Thông báo tại trung tâm vũ trụ của trường đại học]

Câu 1. What event is being announced?

A. A public lecture on space exploration tonight
B. A planetarium show has been canceled due to technical issues
C. Free telescope viewings are available this Saturday evening
D. New space research grants are open for application

Đoạn 2: [Context: Thông báo từ NASA về sứ mệnh mới]

Câu 2. What is the main news from the announcement?

A. A new Mars rover has successfully landed and begun operations
B. The space station will be retired next year
C. A scheduled rocket launch has been postponed
D. Astronaut training programs are now accepting applications

Đoạn 3: [Context: Thông báo tại bảo tàng khoa học]

Câu 3. What new exhibition is opening?

A. A retrospective of ancient astronomical instruments
B. An interactive exhibit on black holes and the universe
C. A display of historical spacecraft models
D. A photography exhibition of Earth from space

Đoạn 4: [Context: Thông báo trên đài quan sát thiên văn]

Câu 4. What astronomical event can be observed this week?

A. A rare planetary alignment visible in the early morning
B. A meteor shower peaking this Friday night
C. A solar eclipse happening this weekend
D. A new comet approaching the inner solar system

Đoạn 5: [Context: Thông báo từ công ty hàng không vũ trụ tư nhân]

Câu 5. What milestone is the company celebrating?

A. Their 50th successful rocket launch
B. The first civilian space tourism flight
C. A new contract with the European Space Agency
D. A partnership with NASA for Moon missions

Đoạn 6: [Context: Thông báo tại hội thảo về du hành vũ trụ]

Câu 6. What is the focus of the symposium?

A. The future of human settlement on Mars
B. The history of the Apollo missions
C. Recent discoveries about Saturn's moons
D. The economics of the commercial space industry

Đoạn 7: [Context: Thông báo từ trạm vũ trụ quốc tế]

Câu 7. What activity is being conducted by the astronauts?

A. A spacewalk to repair a critical solar panel
B. A medical experiment on the effects of zero gravity
C. An educational live stream with school students
D. Cargo transfer from a newly arrived supply ship

Đoạn 8: [Context: Thông báo từ hiệp hội thiên văn học địa phương]

Câu 8. What opportunity is being offered to the public?

A. Free astronomy classes for beginners
B. Discounted telescope purchases for members
C. A guided stargazing trip to a dark-sky location
D. Annual membership now includes online resources

PART 2 — Conversations (Câu 9–20)

Nghe 3 đoạn hội thoại. Mỗi đoạn có 4 câu hỏi.

Conversation 1 (Câu 9–12): [Hai sinh viên thảo luận về dự án nghiên cứu không gian]

Câu 9. What project is the woman working on?

A. Designing a satellite for climate monitoring
B. Analyzing data from a Mars mission
C. Building a small telescope for school use
D. Writing a paper on black holes

Câu 10. What problem does she mention with the data?

A. The data is corrupted by solar radiation
B. Some readings show unexpected patterns that may indicate new discoveries
C. The equipment broke during the mission
D. The funding for the project was cut

Câu 11. How does the man suggest they handle the findings?

A. Publish the results immediately without verification
B. Have a senior researcher review the data before announcing anything
C. Keep the findings secret until they can profit from them
D. Discard the unusual readings as errors

Câu 12. What does the woman decide to do?

A. Drop the project entirely
B. Run additional tests to verify the patterns
C. Switch to a different research topic
D. Contact the media about the potential discovery

Conversation 2 (Câu 13–16): [Giáo sư và sinh viên thảo luận về cơ hội thực tập tại NASA]

Câu 13. What opportunity is the student excited about?

A. A summer internship at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
B. A scholarship to study in Europe
C. A job offer from a tech company
D. A research position at a local university

Câu 14. What does the professor say about the competition for the internship?

A. It is open to anyone who applies
B. It is extremely competitive with thousands of applicants
C. It is reserved for graduate students only
D. It is easy to get if you know the right people

Câu 15. What does the professor recommend the student do to strengthen the application?

A. Publish a research paper in a peer-reviewed journal
B. Gain hands-on experience through smaller projects first
C. Travel to conferences to network
D. Take additional elective courses

Câu 16. How does the student respond?

A. They feel discouraged and give up
B. They appreciate the advice and ask for project recommendations
C. They decide to apply to a different program
D. They suggest the professor write a letter on their behalf

Conversation 3 (Câu 17–20): [Hai kỹ sư thảo luận về thiết kế vệ tinh mới]

Câu 17. What is the main purpose of the satellite they are designing?

A. To provide internet coverage to remote areas
B. To monitor deforestation and biodiversity loss
C. To study weather patterns in the upper atmosphere
D. To test new propulsion systems

Câu 18. What challenge do they face with the current design?

A. The weight exceeds the rocket's payload capacity
B. The power consumption is too high for solar panels
C. The communication system is incompatible with ground stations
D. The launch window has been delayed by a year

Câu 19. What solution does the woman propose?

A. Use lighter composite materials for the satellite body
B. Reduce the number of sensors to save power
C. Switch to a larger rocket for the launch
D. Postpone the project indefinitely

Câu 20. What is the next step they agree on?

A. Cancel the project due to budget constraints
B. Present the revised design to the project manager next week
C. Hire additional engineers to solve the problem
D. Submit a proposal for additional funding

PART 3 — Lectures (Câu 21–35)

Nghe 3 bài giảng. Mỗi bài có 5 câu hỏi.

Lecture 1 (Câu 21–25): [Bài giảng về lịch sử thám hiểm sao Hỏa]

Câu 21. When did the first successful Mars landing occur?

A. In 1969
B. In 1976 with the Viking mission
C. In 1997 with the Pathfinder mission
D. In 2004 with the Spirit rover

Câu 22. What was the main goal of the early Mars missions?

A. To search for signs of past or present life
B. To establish a human colony
C. To mine minerals for Earth
D. To create a tourist destination

Câu 23. What significant discovery did the Mars rovers make regarding water?

A. They found flowing rivers on the surface
B. They found evidence of ancient lake beds and minerals that form in water
C. They confirmed Mars has oceans beneath its surface
D. They found liquid water near the poles

Câu 24. According to the speaker, why is Mars the most likely candidate for human colonization?

A. It has a similar atmosphere to Earth
B. It has a day length similar to Earth and accessible water ice
C. It is the closest planet to the Sun
D. It already has plants growing on it

Câu 25. What major challenge to human Mars missions does the speaker highlight?

A. The language barrier with potential aliens
B. The long travel time of six to nine months and radiation exposure
C. The lack of any landing sites
D. The inability to communicate across such distances

Lecture 2 (Câu 26–30): [Bài giảng về kính viễn vọng không gian James Webb]

Câu 26. When was the James Webb Space Telescope launched?

A. In 2009
B. In 2015
C. In December 2021
D. In 2023

Câu 27. What is the main advantage of the James Webb Telescope over the Hubble?

A. It is closer to Earth
B. It can see further into the infrared spectrum, allowing it to observe more distant and older objects
C. It is much smaller in size
D. It uses the same technology as Hubble

Câu 28. Where is the James Webb Telescope located?

A. In low Earth orbit
B. At the second Lagrange point (L2), about 1.5 million kilometers from Earth
C. On the far side of the Moon
D. In a geostationary orbit

Câu 29. What kind of images has the James Webb produced that amazed scientists?

A. Images of Mars rovers in action
B. The deepest and sharpest infrared images of the distant universe ever taken
C. High-resolution photos of Earth's weather
D. Detailed images of the ocean floor

Câu 30. According to the speaker, what can the James Webb help us understand?

A. Only the solar system
B. The formation of the first galaxies, the atmospheres of exoplanets, and the origins of the universe
C. Only nearby stars
D. Just the planet Mars

Lecture 3 (Câu 31–35): [Bài giảng về rác thải không gian và mối đe dọa]

Câu 31. How many pieces of space debris larger than 10 cm are currently orbiting Earth, according to the speaker?

A. About 1,000
B. Around 10,000
C. Over 34,000
D. Less than 100

Câu 32. What is the main source of space debris?

A. Asteroids that enter Earth's orbit
B. Defunct satellites, rocket stages, and fragments from collisions and explosions
C. Lost equipment from astronauts
D. Natural meteoroids only

Câu 33. Why is space debris a growing concern?

A. It blocks radio signals
B. It poses collision risks to operational satellites and the International Space Station
C. It changes Earth's climate
D. It interferes with weather forecasting

Câu 34. What is the Kessler Syndrome?

A. A type of satellite communication protocol
B. A theoretical scenario where collisions create more debris, triggering a chain reaction
C. A space weather phenomenon
D. A new telescope technology

Câu 35. What solutions are being developed to address space debris?

A. Building larger satellites
B. Removal technologies like nets, harpoons, and drag sails, plus better international guidelines
C. Banning all future satellite launches
D. Moving all satellites closer to Earth

#50 B1-B2

Đáp án Đề 13 — Listening

Đáp án Đề thi thử VSTEP Listening số 13 + Giải thích chi tiết

Hướng dẫn: Đáp án được highlight bằng chữ đậm. Đọc kỹ phần giải thích để hiểu logic đáp án.

CâuĐáp ánGiải thích
1CQuan sát kính viễn vọng miễn phí vào tối thứ Bảy này.
2ATin chính: xe tự hành sao Hỏa mới đã hạ cánh và bắt đầu hoạt động.
3BTriển lãm tương tác về hố đen và vũ trụ.
4BMưa sao băng đạt đỉnh vào tối thứ Sáu.
5BCột mốc: chuyến bay du lịch không gian dân sự đầu tiên.
6ATrọng tâm: tương lai định cư trên sao Hỏa.
7APhi hành gia đang đi bộ không gian để sửa tấm pin mặt trời.
8CChuyến ngắm sao có hướng dẫn đến vùng bầu trời tối.
9BCô ấy phân tích dữ liệu từ sứ mệnh sao Hỏa.
10BMột số kết quả đo cho thấy mẫu bất ngờ có thể chỉ ra khám phá mới.
11BĐể nhà nghiên cứu cao cấp xem xét dữ liệu trước khi công bố.
12BChạy thêm kiểm tra để xác minh các mẫu.
13ACơ hội: thực tập mùa hè tại Phòng thí nghiệm Sức đẩy Phản lực của NASA.
14BCạnh tranh: cực kỳ khốc liệt với hàng nghìn ứng viên.
15BKhuyến nghị: có kinh nghiệm thực tế qua các dự án nhỏ trước.
16BSinh viên cảm ơn lời khuyên và xin gợi ý dự án.
17BMục đích: giám sát nạn phá rừng và mất đa dạng sinh học.
18AThách thức: trọng lượng vượt quá sức chứa của tên lửa.
19AGiải pháp: dùng vật liệu composite nhẹ hơn cho thân vệ tinh.
20BBước tiếp theo: trình bày thiết kế sửa đổi cho quản lý dự án tuần sau.
21BHạ cánh sao Hỏa thành công đầu tiên: năm 1976 với sứ mệnh Viking.
22AMục tiêu chính: tìm dấu hiệu của sự sống quá khứ hoặc hiện tại.
23BPhát hiện: bằng chứng về lòng hồ cổ và khoáng chất hình thành trong nước.
24BSao Hỏa phù hợp: thời gian một ngày tương tự Trái Đất và có băng nước dễ tiếp cận.
25BThách thức: thời gian di chuyển 6-9 tháng và phơi nhiễm bức xạ.
26CKính James Webb phóng: tháng 12 năm 2021.
27BLợi thế: có thể nhìn sâu hơn vào phổ hồng ngoại, quan sát vật thể xa và cổ hơn.
28BVị trí: điểm Lagrange thứ 2 (L2), cách Trái Đất khoảng 1,5 triệu km.
29BHình ảnh: sâu và sắc nét nhất trong vùng hồng ngoại của vũ trụ xa xôi từng được chụp.
30BGiúp hiểu: sự hình thành thiên hà đầu tiên, khí quyển ngoại hành tinh, nguồn gốc vũ trụ.
31CSố mảnh rác > 10cm: hơn 34.000.
32BNguồn chính: vệ tinh hỏng, tầng tên lửa, mảnh vỡ từ va chạm và nổ.
33BLo ngại: rủi ro va chạm cho vệ tinh hoạt động và Trạm Vũ trụ Quốc tế.
34BHội chứng Kessler: kịch bản lý thuyết các va chạm tạo thêm rác, gây phản ứng dây chuyền.
35BGiải pháp: công nghệ dọn dẹp như lưới, lao, buồm cản, cùng hướng dẫn quốc tế tốt hơn.

Mẹo làm bài Listening VSTEP

  • Đọc câu hỏi trước khi nghe: Dùng thời gian hướng dẫn (10-15 giây) để đọc trước câu hỏi Part 1, đoán chủ đề
  • Ghi chú nhanh keywords: Đặc biệt với tên riêng, số, địa điểm trong Part 2-3
  • Loại trừ đáp án sai: Dùng process of elimination khi không chắc chắn
  • Đừng hoảng nếu miss 1 câu: Tập trung câu tiếp theo, không pause lại

Tính điểm Listening

Điểm = (Số câu đúng / 35) × 10. Làm tròn 0.5.

Số câu đúngĐiểm quy đổiBậc VSTEP
10–173.0–4.5Bậc 2 (A2)
18–245.0–6.0Bậc 3 (B1)
25–306.5–8.0Bậc 4 (B2)
31–358.5–10.0Bậc 5 (C1)
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